Solid-State Transformers: Fundamentals, Topologies, Applications, and Future Challenges

Saniya Khan, Khaliqur Rahman, Mohd Tariq, Salman Hameed, Basem Alamri and Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu
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Saniya Khan: Department of Electrical Engineering, ZHCET, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
Khaliqur Rahman: Department of Electrical Engineering, ZHCET, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
Mohd Tariq: Department of Electrical Engineering, ZHCET, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
Salman Hameed: Department of Electrical Engineering, ZHCET, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
Basem Alamri: Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu: Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad 500075, India

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-20

Abstract: Solid-state transformers (SSTs) have emerged as a superior alternative to conventional transformers and are regarded as the building block of the future smart grid. They incorporate power electronics circuitry and high-frequency operation, which allows high controllability and enables bi-directional power flow, overcoming the limitations of conventional transformers. This paper presents a detailed analysis of the solid-state transformer, expounding the fundamentals, converter topologies, applications, and future challenges of the SST in a systematic manner. The paper discusses the necessity of improved replacement of the low-frequency transformers (LFTs) and presents the configuration of SST. It presents SST fundamentals in individual stages and explores its origin and evolution. The basic topologies, their specifications, and control strategies are also described. The applications of SST as a replacement of LFTs are discussed along with recent applications. The future challenges for real-time implementation of SSTs are explored, and research directions are proposed.

Keywords: solid-state transformer (SST); low-frequency transformer (LFT); power electronic converters; future smart distribution grid; SST topologies; renewable energy sources (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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