Adsorption of Cadmium by Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. and Brassica pekinensis (Lour.) Rupr in Pot Experiment

Rongrong Ying, Bing Xia, Xiaowen Zeng, Rongliang Qiu, Yetao Tang and Zhewei Hu
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Rongrong Ying: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Nanjing 210042, China
Bing Xia: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Nanjing 210042, China
Xiaowen Zeng: School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Rongliang Qiu: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Yetao Tang: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Zhewei Hu: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Nanjing 210042, China

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Heavy metal pollution in farmland threatens human life. It is not clear whether crops can adsorb heavy metals. In this study, the cadmium accumulation and tolerance in Chinese cabbage Brassica pekinensis (cv. Xiaoza-56) and the known Cd-accumulator Brassica juncea in hydroponics and pot experiment were investigated. Furthermore, we evaluated their potential on the phytoextraction of Cd-contaminated soil. The hydroponics with 1–50 μM Cd concentrations showed that both B. juncea and B. pekinensis had high Cd accumulation and tolerance with translocation factor closed to 1 at Cd levels < 25 μM. The pot study conducted with 5 to 100 mg Cd kg −1 soil indicated that B. juncea showed less tolerance and accumulation to Cd than B. pekinensis , especially at higher Cd levels. The bioconcentration factor was much higher than 1 in both B. juncea and B. pekinensis grown in <40 mg Cd kg −1 soil without showing biomass reduction. In the model evaluation, the ability of B. juncea and B. pekinensis to reduce the initial soil Cd concentration of 20 and 5 mg kg −1 to specific targets with a lower or higher biomass of 4 or 20 t ha −1 , respectively. The above results indicate that B. juncea and B. pekinensis (cv. Xiaoza-56), which the latter is a better candidate for Cd phytoextraction in moderated Cd-contaminated soil. The results provide a reference for Cd pollution control.

Keywords: Brassica pekinensis; Brassica juncea; Cd; phytoextraction (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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