Estimating the Impacts of Non-Tariff Measures in the Indian Ocean Rim Association

Abdallah Akintola, Houcine Boughanmi, Alessandro Antimiani, Lokman Zaibet and Hemesiri Kotagama
Additional contact information
Abdallah Akintola: Department of Natural Resource Economics, College of Agricultural and Marine Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
Houcine Boughanmi: Department of Natural Resource Economics, College of Agricultural and Marine Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
Alessandro Antimiani: Council for Agricultural Research and Agricultural Economics Analysis, 00198 Rome, Italy
Lokman Zaibet: Department of Natural Resource Economics, College of Agricultural and Marine Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
Hemesiri Kotagama: Department of Natural Resource Economics, College of Agricultural and Marine Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: In recent years, the Indian Ocean Rim Association has witnessed an increasing trend in the use of non-tariff measures (NTMs). This study evaluated the impact of NTMs in the Indian Ocean Rim Association through estimations of their ad valorem equivalents at the HS chapter and country levels. A gravity model using NTM count data (intensity) was specified and estimated to derive the importer-specific ad valorem equivalents for the four (4) most used NTMs in the region. The results showed the presence of both import-impeding and import-promoting effects of NTMs; however, the import-impeding effects dominated in the region. The quantitative restriction and safeguard measures were more restrictive compared to the sanitary and phytosanitary measures and technical barriers to trade. This was expected since quantitative restrictions are trade-distorting by design. This calls for reforming trade policy in the region toward NTMs that are more transparent and trade enhancing for successful subsequent trade negotiations in the Indian Ocean Rim Association, which would support the sustainable economic development of the region.

Keywords: ad valorem equivalent; non-tariff measures; gravity model; IORA (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/1/68/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/1/68/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2021:i:1:p:68-:d:708283

Access Statistics for this article

Sustainability is currently edited by Ms. Alexandra Wu

More articles in Sustainability from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().