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Risk Levels Classification of Near-Crashes in Naturalistic Driving Data

Hasan A. H. Naji, Qingji Xue, Nengchao Lyu, Xindong Duan and Tianfeng Li
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Hasan A. H. Naji: School of Digital Media, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Chang Jiang Road No 80, Nanyang 473004, China
Qingji Xue: School of Digital Media, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Chang Jiang Road No 80, Nanyang 473004, China
Nengchao Lyu: Intelligent Transport Systems Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
Xindong Duan: School of Digital Media, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Chang Jiang Road No 80, Nanyang 473004, China
Tianfeng Li: School of Digital Media, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Chang Jiang Road No 80, Nanyang 473004, China

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 10, 1-21

Abstract: Identifying dangerous events from driving behavior data has become a vital challenge in intelligent transportation systems. In this study, we compared machine and deep learning-based methods for classifying the risk levels of near-crashes. A dataset was built for the study by considering variables related to naturalistic driving, temporal data, participants, and road geometry, among others. Hierarchical clustering was applied to categorize the near-crashes into several risk levels based on high-risk driving variables. The adaptive lasso variable model was adopted to reduce factors and select significant driving risk factors. In addition, several machine and deep learning models were used to compare near-crash classification performance by training the models and examining the model with testing data. The results showed that the deep learning models outperformed the machine learning and statistical models in terms of classification performance. The LSTM model achieved the highest performance in terms of all evaluation metrics compared with the state-of-the-art models (accuracy = 96%, recall = 0.93, precision = 0.88, and F1-measure = 0.91). The LSTM model can improve the classification accuracy and prediction of most near-crash events and reduce false near-crash classification. The finding of this study can benefit transportation safety in predicting and classifying driving risk. It can provide useful suggestions for reducing the incidence of critical events and forward road crashes.

Keywords: near-crash events; driving risk levels; classification; statistical methods; machine learning; deep learning (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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