Risk Assessment of Mining Environmental Liabilities for Their Categorization and Prioritization in Gold-Mining Areas of Ecuador

Bryan Salgado-Almeida, Daniel A. Falquez-Torres, Paola L. Romero-Crespo, Priscila E. Valverde-Armas, Fredy Guzmán-Martínez and Samantha Jiménez-Oyola
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Bryan Salgado-Almeida: Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias de la Tierra, Campus Gustavo Galindo km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Ecuador
Daniel A. Falquez-Torres: Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias de la Tierra, Campus Gustavo Galindo km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Ecuador
Paola L. Romero-Crespo: Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias de la Tierra, Campus Gustavo Galindo km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Ecuador
Priscila E. Valverde-Armas: Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias de la Tierra, Campus Gustavo Galindo km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Ecuador
Fredy Guzmán-Martínez: Mexican Geological Survey (SGM), Boulevard Felipe Angeles Km. 93.50-4, Pachuca 42083, Mexico
Samantha Jiménez-Oyola: Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias de la Tierra, Campus Gustavo Galindo km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Ecuador

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 10, 1-17

Abstract: Mining environmental liabilities (MEL) are of great concern because of potential risks to ecosystems and human health. In this research, the environmental risk (R I ) related to MEL existing in three artisanal and small-scale gold-mining areas of Ecuador was evaluated. For this purpose, data of 167 MEL including landfills, mining galleries, tailing deposits, and mineral processing plants from Macuchi, Tenguel–Ponce Enriquez, and Puyango mining areas, were analyzed. The risk assessment related to the presence of waste deposits was carried out based on the methodology proposed by the Spanish Geological Survey. Moreover, the procedure outlined in the Environmental Risk Assessment Guide of the Ministry of Environment of Peru for nonwaste deposits was applied. The highest R I values were identified in Puyango and Tenguel–Ponce Enriquez. Thus, they were both categorized as priority control areas requiring intervention and rehabilitation plans. The MEL that require a high level of intervention include waste deposits and mine entrances associated with potentially toxic elements. Moreover, the point risk maps showed that rivers in the studied areas have a potential pollution risk. This study provides risk levels associated with MEL in mining areas from Ecuador. This information could be used for environmental management and pollution mitigation.

Keywords: mining pollution; potentially toxic elements; risk management; abandoned mining areas; mining waste deposits (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (6)

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