Hybrid Architecture Based System for the Establishment of Sustainable Environment in a Construction Site with 433 MHz LoRa and 2.4 GHz Zigbee

Gangishetty Arun Kumar, Ajay Roy, Rajesh Singh, Anita Gehlot, Mamoon Rashid, Shaik Vaseem Akram, Sultan S. Alshamrani, Abdullah Alshehri and Ahmed Saeed AlGhamdi
Additional contact information
Gangishetty Arun Kumar: School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India
Ajay Roy: School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India
Rajesh Singh: Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
Anita Gehlot: Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
Mamoon Rashid: Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Vishwakarma University, Pune 411048, India
Shaik Vaseem Akram: Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
Sultan S. Alshamrani: Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Technology, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Abdullah Alshehri: Department of Information Technology, Al Baha University, P.O. Box 1988, Al Baha 65731, Saudi Arabia
Ahmed Saeed AlGhamdi: Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer and Information Technology, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21994, Saudi Arabia

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 10, 1-29

Abstract: The rapid development of technology has empowered us to achieve resilient infrastructure to establish a sustainable ecosystem. The construction site is one of the highest risk jobs for accident-related fatalities and injuries globally. From the previous studies, it is concluded that untrained or inexperienced workers were responsible for 40% of work-related accidents and the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) report concludes that inadequate working experience, knowledge, and safety awareness were the key causes of fatal accidents in the construction industry. Moreover, it is identified from previous studies that digital technology such as IoT with the assistance of wireless sensors can enhance the safety of construction sites. Based on this advantage, this study has implemented the hybrid architecture with the integration of the 2.4 GHz Zigbee, 433 MHz long-range (LoRa), and Wi-Fi communication protocol to monitor the health status of workers and construction sites and also to identify workers’ equipment wearing status in real-time scenarios. The proposed architecture is realized by implementing customized hardware, based on 2.4 GHz Zigbee, 433 MHz long-range (LoRa), and Wi-Fi. Furthermore, in the analysis of the evaluation metrics of LoRa, it is concluded that the lowest sensitivity is observed for SF 12 at BW 41.7 kHz and the highest is observed for SF 7 at BW 500 kHz; the maximum value data rate is observed at BW 500 kHz at CR 1 for SF 7, and the minimum data rate is observed at BW 41.7 at CR 4 for SF 12. In the future, the customized hardware will be implemented in different construction environments resolving possible challenges that empower to implementation of the proposed architecture in wide extensions.

Keywords: customized hardware; LoRa; Zigbee; construction site; health; IoT (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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