Research on Ecological Compensation of National Parks Based on Tourism Concession Mechanism

Didi Rao, Jiaran Wang, Moucheng Liu, Nan Ma, Zhidong Li and Yunxiao Bai
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Didi Rao: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
Jiaran Wang: Patent Examination Cooperation (Beijing) Center of the Patent Office, CNIPA, Beijing 100160, China
Moucheng Liu: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
Nan Ma: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
Zhidong Li: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
Yunxiao Bai: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 11, 1-12

Abstract: The Chinese government has already proposed to build a nature protected area system composed mainly of national parks and encourages the development of concession operations in national parks. The establishment of a long-term ecological compensation mechanism under the concession mode is of great significance to promoting the harmonious development of man and nature in national parks. This paper selects the Pilot Programs for Shennongjia National Park System (PPSNPS) as the research area and constructs a long-term ecological compensation mechanism under the concession model of tourism back-feeding communities in PPSNPS. Through the questionnaire survey (516 valid questionnaires in 2018), based on the Travel Cost Interval Analysis (TCIA) and Contingent Valuation Method (CVM), the landscape value of the study area is monetized. Combined with the investment cost of concession enterprises, we construct the quantitative distribution ratio of the ecological compensation standard and get the amount of ecological compensation. On this basis, a long-term ecological compensation scheme is constructed. This specific scheme content is as below: on the one hand, Shennongjia National Park Administration (SNPA) is the beneficiary of ecological compensation, and the Shennong Tourism Investment Group Co, Ltd. (STIC) is the provider of ecological compensation; on the other hand, the travel tickets income is the only source of ecological compensation funds (back-feeding funds). Specifically, the landscape value of PPSNPS in 2018 was 604,230.3 × 10 4 yuan, the input cost of STIC was 140,696 × 10 4 yuan, the income after deducting tax from tourism tickets was 15,200 × 10 4 yuan, and the distribution ratio of back-feeding funds is 1:4.29 with the back-feeding funds provided to SNPA from STIC of 12,326.65 × 10 4 yuan. Through this paper, we know that landscape value monetization can provide ideas for quantitative accounting of the ecological compensation standard for national park tourism concession. In the future, this subject needs more theoretical and practical research on multiple long-term ecological compensation mechanisms.

Keywords: protected natural areas; ecological compensation; concession; Pilot Programs for Shennongjia National Park System (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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