Carbon Handprint Approach for Cities and Regions: A Framework to Reveal and Assess the Potential of Cities in Climate Change Mitigation

Laura Lakanen, Heli Kumpulainen, Olli Helppi, Kaisa Grönman and Risto Soukka
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Laura Lakanen: Department of Sustainability Science, LUT School of Energy Systems, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology (LUT), FI-53850 Lappeenranta, Finland
Heli Kumpulainen: LCA Consulting Oy, Laserkatu 6, FI-53850 Lappeenranta, Finland
Olli Helppi: Department of Sustainability Science, LUT School of Energy Systems, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology (LUT), FI-53850 Lappeenranta, Finland
Kaisa Grönman: Department of Sustainability Science, LUT School of Energy Systems, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology (LUT), FI-53850 Lappeenranta, Finland
Risto Soukka: Department of Sustainability Science, LUT School of Energy Systems, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology (LUT), FI-53850 Lappeenranta, Finland

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 11, 1-14

Abstract: Cities play a pivotal role in climate change mitigation; however, the methodology to quantify actual emission reduction potential of climate interventions implemented by cities and regions has been lacking. The aim of this study is to create a framework to assess positive climate impacts of cities and regions by modifying the life-cycle assessment (LCA)-based carbon handprint framework. Additionally, a step-by-step guidance to perform calculations is presented. A case study of the Finnish city of Espoo is used to further develop and test the regional handprint approach both qualitatively and quantitatively. According to our research, a city′s carbon handprint can be determined through the three main mechanism categories of ownership, operating environment and projects. In the case of Espoo, the carbon handprint of building public electric vehicle charging stations on city-owned land from the mechanism category of ownership showed to be up to 110 tCO 2 eq/a for 18 charging stations. However, the overall handprint of a city consists of several actions, to be calculated separately. The regional carbon handprint approach provides a useful instrument to reliable quantify and communicate the innovative climate actions implemented by a city and it can be used in cities′ climate work as well as in marketing and branding purposes. Handprint turns the focus on possibilities for increasing a city vitality. As a provider of climate solutions, a city can attract new taxpayers and by focusing efforts to a certain sector, a city can help companies to reach synergies in fields essential from the climate point of view.

Keywords: footprint; handprint; carbon footprint; carbon handprint; greenhouse gas emissions; climate change; life-cycle assessment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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