Sustainability of Egyptian Cities through Utilizing Sewage and Sludge in Softscaping and Biogas Production

Usama Konbr, Walid Bayoumi, Mohamed N. Ali and Ahmed Salah Eldin Shiba
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Usama Konbr: Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta 31733, Egypt
Walid Bayoumi: Department of Regional Planning, Faculty of Urban and Regional Planning (FURP), Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
Mohamed N. Ali: Department of Environment and Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62511, Egypt
Ahmed Salah Eldin Shiba: Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62511, Egypt

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 11, 1-14

Abstract: The National Egyptian Agenda 2030 recently adopted the concepts of sustainable cities, mitigating and adapting to climate change. This study responded to these concepts by treating sewage to reuse it in softscaping and recycling sludge to reduce energy consumption and support heating systems by producing biogas. Of the limitations of this study, it focuses on a compound to propose a model to increase the sustainability of Egyptian cities. This study used many technologies, such as biological treatment processes, activated sludge, trickling filters, and fixed bioreactors. However, Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have seemed to be the most suitable technology because of their low cost and footprint. Additionally, a pilot laboratory was established to simulate the sewage treatment plant. It consisted of a primary sedimentation tank followed by an MBR tank and a chlorine disinfection tank, where the sludge was fed into a cylindrical anaerobic digester. The amount of sludge collected generated 41.5 mL/day of biogas. The application of this large-scale batch reactor will produce around 38 m3/day of biogas. Applying the findings of this study to the treatment and reuse of domestic sewage and sludge can provide up to 50% of the water needed for the green area of the compound.

Keywords: sustainable cities; softscaping; sewage and sludge; membrane bioreactors (MBRs); biogas production; anaerobic digester; heating systems; national egyptian agenda 2030 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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