Development and Optimization of Geopolymers Made with Desert Dune Sand and Blast Furnace Slag

Abdulkader El-Mir, Hilal El-Hassan, Amr El-Dieb and Abdelrahman Alsallamin
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Abdulkader El-Mir: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UAE University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
Hilal El-Hassan: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UAE University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
Amr El-Dieb: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UAE University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
Abdelrahman Alsallamin: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UAE University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 13, 1-21

Abstract: This study assesses the effect of mix design parameters on the fresh and hardened properties, cost, and carbon footprint of geopolymer mortar made with desert dune fines (DDF) and blast furnace slag (BFS). Taguchi method was employed in designing the experiments. Four factors were considered, each having three levels, leading to a total of nine geopolymer mortar mixes. The factors comprised the DDF replacement percentage, alkali-activator solution to binder ratio (AAS/B), sodium silicate-to-sodium hydroxide ratio (SS/SH), and sodium hydroxide (SH) molarity. Ten performance criteria were evaluated, including the flowability, final setting time, hardened density, 1, 7, and 28-day compressive strengths, water absorption, sorptivity, cost, and carbon footprint. ANOVA was carried out to estimate the contribution of each factor towards the response criteria. Further, TOPSIS analysis was utilized to optimize the mixture proportions of DDF-BFS blended geopolymer mortar. Experimental results showed that up to 25% DDF replacement enhanced the density, strength, and durability of the geopolymers with minor impact on the flowability and setting time. Higher replacement percentages had a detrimental impact on the performance but could still be utilized in specific mortar construction applications. The other factors had more limited contributions to the performance, evidenced by the ANOVA. TOPSIS method revealed the optimum mix to be made with DDF replacement of 25%, AAS/B of 0.5, SS/SH of 1.5, and SH molarity of 10 M. Different multivariable regression models were also developed to predict the fresh and hardened properties of the DDF-BFS geopolymer mortars using the mix design parameters.

Keywords: dune sand; slag; geopolymer; mortar; optimization; taguchi; TOPSIS; sustainability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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