Robust Control of Frequency Variations for a Multi-Area Power System in Smart Grid Using a Newly Wild Horse Optimized Combination of PIDD 2 and PD Controllers

Mohammed Khudhair, Muhammad Ragab, Kareem M. AboRas and Nabil H. Abbasy
Additional contact information
Mohammed Khudhair: Iraqi Ministry of Defense, Baghdad 10011, Iraq
Muhammad Ragab: Department of Electrical Power and Machine Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt
Kareem M. AboRas: Department of Electrical Power and Machine Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt
Nabil H. Abbasy: Department of Electrical Power and Machine Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 13, 1-32

Abstract: This paper proposes a new combined controller, the proportional integral derivative-second derivative with a proportional derivative (PIDD 2 -PD), to improve the frequency response of a multi-area interconnected power system with multiple generating units linked to it. The optimum gains of the presented controller are well-tuned using a wild horse optimizer (WHO), a modern metaheuristic optimization approach. The main study is a two-area-linked power system with varied conventional and renewable generating units. The physical constraints of the speed turbines and governors are considered. The WHO optimization algorithm is proven to outperform various other optimization approaches, such as the whale optimization algorithms (WOA) and chimp optimization algorithms (ChOA). The efficacy of the proposed WHO-based PIDD 2 -PD controller is evaluated by comparing its performance to other controllers in the literature (cascaded proportional integral derivative-tilted integral derivative (PID-TID), integral derivative-tilted (ID-T) controller). Multiple and varied scenarios are applied in this work to test the proposed controller’s sturdiness to various load perturbations (step, random, and multi-step), renewable energy source penetration, and system parameter variations. The results are provided as time-domain simulations run using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simulation results reveal that the suggested controller outperforms other structural controllers in the dynamic response of the system in terms of settling time, maximum overshoot, and undershoot values, with an improvement percentage of 70%, 73%, and 67%, respectively.

Keywords: combined PIDD 2 -PD proportional integral derivative-second derivative-proportional-derivative controller; wild horse optimizer; multi-source power system; renewable sources; load frequency control; two-area system (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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