Study on the Characteristics of Soil Erosion in the Black Soil Area of Northeast China under Natural Rainfall Conditions: The Case of Sunjiagou Small Watershed

Taoyan Dai, Liquan Wang, Tienan Li, Pengpeng Qiu and Jun Wang
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Taoyan Dai: College of Water Conservancy and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150000, China
Liquan Wang: College of Water Conservancy and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150000, China
Tienan Li: Heilongjiang Province Hydraulic Research Institute, Harbin 150000, China
Pengpeng Qiu: Heilongjiang Province Hydraulic Research Institute, Harbin 150000, China
Jun Wang: Heilongjiang Province Hydraulic Research Institute, Harbin 150000, China

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 14, 1-16

Abstract: In the black soil area, where soil erosion is severe and the soil is in urgent need of ecological restoration, providing reasonable and practical measures to prevent soil erosion and restore the soil is an urgent issue at present. In this study, nine runoff plots were deployed in Bin County, the core area of soil erosion control, to monitor runoff and soil loss long-term, simulated by the erosion potential method (EPM) for comparison. Studies have shown that soil erosion is strongly influenced by soil conservation measures, land use, and vegetation cover. In contrast, slope, pre-soil moisture content, and soil crusting due to rainfall can affect erosion in a single rainfall event. The most severe soil erosion was in bare land, up to 1093.58 t km −2 a −1 , followed by longitudinal ridge tillage land (751.88 t km −2 a −1 ) and cross ridge tillage land (31.58 t km −2 a −1 ). The shrublands and mixed forests planted for ecological restoration experienced almost no erosion. The soil loss rate of the cross ridge tillage and ecological restoration plots was much lower than the allowable soil loss rate (200 t km −2 a −1 ). Under erosive storms, longitudinal ridge tillage can produce soil loss rates that far exceed those of bare ground. The change from longitudinal ridge tillage to cross ridge tillage on gentle slopes can effectively prevent soil erosion in the study area. The vegetation restoration measures of planting shrubs such as Amorpha fruticosa Linn. are incredibly effective in the ecological restoration of wastelands in black soil areas. For the black soil area after the retreat, the vertical structure of vegetation can be improved by planting shrubs at the bottom, thus achieving a good restoration effect.

Keywords: soil erosion; black soil area; vegetation restoration; soil and water conservation measures (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

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