Valorization of Coffee Silverskin through Subcritical Water Extraction: An Optimization Based on T-CQA Using Response Surface Methodology

Agita Rachmala Ginting, Thavy Kit, Withawat Mingvanish and Sudtida Pliankarom Thanasupsin
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Agita Rachmala Ginting: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
Thavy Kit: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
Withawat Mingvanish: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
Sudtida Pliankarom Thanasupsin: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 14, 1-17

Abstract: Coffee silverskin (CS) is the only byproduct of the roasting process for coffee beans and is rich in phenolic compounds with various bioactivities. This study proposes a valorization option for bioactive compounds (T-CQA) based on a subcritical water extraction (SWE) technique, which is known for its high efficiency and feasibility for use on an industrial scale. The use of water as a sole solvent requires a minimum number of cleaning steps and renders the extract safe for further applications, such as in either the cosmetic or food industry. Response surface methodology with a Box–Behnken design is effectively used to optimize and explain the individual and interactive process variables (i.e., extraction temperature, extraction time, and solid–liquid ratio) on the T-CQA content obtained from coffee silverskin by the SWE technique. The final model exhibits a precise prediction of the experimental data obtained for the maximum T-CQA content. Under the optimum conditions, the CS extract is found to contain a higher content of T-CQA and TPC than that reported previously. For antioxidant activity, up to 26.12 ± 3.27 mg Trolox equivalent/g CS is obtained.

Keywords: subcritical water extraction; coffee silverskin; Box–Behnken design; chlorogenic acids (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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