Traditional Subsistence Farming of Smallholder Agroforestry Systems in Indonesia: A Review

Budiman Achmad, Sanudin, Mohamad Siarudin, Ary Widiyanto, Dian Diniyati, Aris Sudomo, Aditya Hani, Eva Fauziyah, Endah Suhaendah, Tri Sulistyati Widyaningsih, Wuri Handayani, Dewi Maharani, Suhartono, Maria Palmolina, Dila Swestiani, Harry Budi Santoso Sulistiadi, Aji Winara, Yudha Hadian Nur, Muthya Diana, Dewi Gartika and Agus Ruswandi
Additional contact information
Budiman Achmad: Research Center for Social Welfare, Village and Connectivity, BRIN, Jakarta 10330, Indonesia
Sanudin: Research Center for Population, BRIN, Jakarta 12710, Indonesia
Mohamad Siarudin: Forest Science Graduate Program, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Ary Widiyanto: Research Center for Population, BRIN, Jakarta 12710, Indonesia
Dian Diniyati: Research Center for Social Welfare, Village and Connectivity, BRIN, Jakarta 10330, Indonesia
Aris Sudomo: Research Center for Plant Conservation, Botanic Gardens, and Forestry, Bogor 16122, Indonesia
Aditya Hani: Forest Science Graduate Program, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Eva Fauziyah: Research Center for Population, BRIN, Jakarta 12710, Indonesia
Endah Suhaendah: Research Center for Plant Conservation, Botanic Gardens, and Forestry, Bogor 16122, Indonesia
Tri Sulistyati Widyaningsih: Leadership and Policy Innovation Program, The Graduate School, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Wuri Handayani: Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, BRIN, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
Dewi Maharani: Research Center for Plant Conservation, Botanic Gardens, and Forestry, Bogor 16122, Indonesia
Suhartono: Forest Science Graduate Program, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Maria Palmolina: Research Center for Society and Culture, BRIN, Jakarta 12710, Indonesia
Dila Swestiani: Research Center for Plant Conservation, Botanic Gardens, and Forestry, Bogor 16122, Indonesia
Harry Budi Santoso Sulistiadi: Research Center for Plant Conservation, Botanic Gardens, and Forestry, Bogor 16122, Indonesia
Aji Winara: Research and Development Agency of West Java Province, Jl. Kawaluyaan Indah Raya No. 6, Kelurahan Jatisari, Kecamatan Buah Batu, Kota Bandung 40286, Indonesia
Yudha Hadian Nur: Research and Development Agency of West Java Province, Jl. Kawaluyaan Indah Raya No. 6, Kelurahan Jatisari, Kecamatan Buah Batu, Kota Bandung 40286, Indonesia
Muthya Diana: Research and Development Agency of West Java Province, Jl. Kawaluyaan Indah Raya No. 6, Kelurahan Jatisari, Kecamatan Buah Batu, Kota Bandung 40286, Indonesia
Dewi Gartika: Research and Development Agency of West Java Province, Jl. Kawaluyaan Indah Raya No. 6, Kelurahan Jatisari, Kecamatan Buah Batu, Kota Bandung 40286, Indonesia
Agus Ruswandi: Research and Development Agency of West Java Province, Jl. Kawaluyaan Indah Raya No. 6, Kelurahan Jatisari, Kecamatan Buah Batu, Kota Bandung 40286, Indonesia

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 14, 1-33

Abstract: Agroforestry has been practiced for decades and is undoubtedly an important source of income for Indonesian households living near forests. However, there are still many cases of poverty among farmers due to a lack of ability to adopt advanced technology. This literature review aims to identify the characteristics and factors causing the occurrence of agricultural subsistence and analyze its implications for the level of farmer welfare and the regional forestry industry. The literature analysis conducted reveals that small land tenure, low literacy rates, and lack of forest maintenance are the main causes of the subsistence of small agroforestry farmers. Another reason is that subsistence-oriented agroforestry practices are considered a strong form of smallholder resilience. All of these limitations have implications for low land productivity and high-sawn timber waste from community forests. To reduce the subsistence level of farmers, government intervention is needed, especially in providing managerial assistance packages, capital assistance, and the marketing of forest products. Various agroforestry technologies are available but have not been implemented consistently by farmers. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an integrated collaboration between researchers, farmers, and regionally owned enterprises (BUMD) to increase access to technology and markets. Although it is still difficult to realize, forest services, such as upstream–downstream compensation and carbon capture, have the potential to increase farmer income.

Keywords: agroforestry; collaboration; farmers; government intervention; subsistence (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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