Comparative Study on the Isothermal Reduction Kinetics of Iron Oxide Pellet Fines with Carbon-Bearing Materials

Abourehab Hammam, Mahmoud I. Nasr, Mohamed H. El-Sadek, Mamdouh Omran, Abdallah Ahmed, Ying Li, Yuandong Xiong and Yaowei Yu
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Abourehab Hammam: State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
Mahmoud I. Nasr: Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), P.O. Box 87, Helwan 11722, Egypt
Mohamed H. El-Sadek: Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), P.O. Box 87, Helwan 11722, Egypt
Mamdouh Omran: State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
Abdallah Ahmed: State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
Ying Li: State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
Yuandong Xiong: State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
Yaowei Yu: State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 14, 1-16

Abstract: The isothermal reduction of iron oxide pellet fines–carbon composites was investigated at temperatures of 900–1100 °C. The reduction reactions were monitored using the thermogravimetric (TG) technique. Alternatively, a Quadruple Mass Spectrometer (QMS) analyzed the CO and CO 2 gases evolved from the reduction reactions. The effect of temperature, carbon source, and reaction time on the rate of reduction was extensively studied. The phase composition and the morphological structure of the reduced composites were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the reduction rate was affected by the temperature and source of carbon. For all composite compacts, the reduction rate, as well as the conversion degree (α) increased with increasing temperature. Under the same temperature, the conversion degree and the reduction rate of composites were greater according to using the following carbon sources order: Activated charcoal > charcoal > coal. The reduction of the different composites was shown to occur stepwise from hematite to metallic iron. The reduction, either by activated charcoal or charcoal, is characterized by two behaviors. During the initial stage, the chemical reaction model (1 − α) −2 controls the reduction process whereas the final stage is controlled by gas diffusion [1 − (1 − α) 1/2 ] 2 . In the case of reduction with coal, the reduction mechanism is regulated by the Avrami–Erofeev model [−ln (1−α) 2 ] at the initial stage. The rate-controlling mechanism is the 3-D diffusion model (Z-L-T), namely [(1−α) −1/3 −1] 2 at the latter stage. The results indicated that using biomass carbon sources is favorable to replace fossil-origin carbon-bearing materials for the reduction of iron oxide pellet fines.

Keywords: iron oxide pellet fines; self-reducing mixtures; gasification; kinetics; biomass (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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