Biostimulation and Bioaugmentation of Soils Contaminated with Decachlorobiphenyl (PCB-209) Using Native Bacterial Strains Individually and in Consortia

Adalberto Zenteno-Rojas, Clara Ivette Rincón-Molina, Esperanza Martinez-Romero, Luis Alberto Manzano-Gomez, Francisco Alexander Rincón-Molina, Victor Manuel Ruiz-Valdiviezo, Rosa Isela Cruz Rodriguez, Juan Jose Villalobos Maldonado and Reiner Rincón-Rosales
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Adalberto Zenteno-Rojas: Laboratorio de Ecología Genómica, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Tuxtla Gutiérrez 29050, CS, Mexico
Clara Ivette Rincón-Molina: Laboratorio de Ecología Genómica, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Tuxtla Gutiérrez 29050, CS, Mexico
Esperanza Martinez-Romero: Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad s/n, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, MR, Mexico
Luis Alberto Manzano-Gomez: Departamento de Investigación y Desarrollo, 3R Biotec SA de CV, Tuxtla Gutiérrez 29000, CS, Mexico
Francisco Alexander Rincón-Molina: Laboratorio de Ecología Genómica, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Tuxtla Gutiérrez 29050, CS, Mexico
Victor Manuel Ruiz-Valdiviezo: Laboratorio de Ecología Genómica, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Tuxtla Gutiérrez 29050, CS, Mexico
Rosa Isela Cruz Rodriguez: Laboratorio de Ecología Genómica, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Tuxtla Gutiérrez 29050, CS, Mexico
Juan Jose Villalobos Maldonado: Laboratorio de Ecología Genómica, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Tuxtla Gutiérrez 29050, CS, Mexico
Reiner Rincón-Rosales: Laboratorio de Ecología Genómica, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Tuxtla Gutiérrez 29050, CS, Mexico

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 15, 1-14

Abstract: Historically, microorganisms have proven to be efficient alternatives for the removal of PCBs, since these contaminants continue to be a major problem for human health and the environment. In this work, the removal of decachlorobiphenyl (PCB-209) was evaluated using native bacterial strains individually and in consortia through biostimulation and bioaugmentation processes. Bacillus sp. DCB13, Staphylococcus sp. DCB28, and Acinetobacter sp. DCB104 were biostimulated in a minimal medium that initially contained biphenyl and later PCB-209 for adaptation as a carbon source. The removal potential of PCB-209 by bacterial strains was evaluated in a bioaugmentation process under aerobic conditions. Using a completely randomized design, ten different treatments were evaluated. Finally, the bacterial growth (CFU/g of soil) and the chemical characteristics of the bioaugmented soil were determined, as was the content of PCB-209 removed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Strains DCB13, DCB28, and DCB104 showed cell growth (>3.4 × 10 5 CFU/mL) during 120 h of biostimulation, with a marked difference between treatments with biphenyl compared with those where PCB-209 was added. Strains DCB13 and DCB104 (3.4 × 10 5 CFU/mL and 2.0 × 10 6 CFU/mL, respectively) grew better with PCB-209, while DCB28 grew better with biphenyl (4.5 × 10 6 CFU/mL). In bioaugmented soils contaminated with PCB-209, the strains showed maximum growth when inoculated in a consortium (>2.0 × 10 4 CFU/g). The results showe that the range of the bacterial elimination of PCB-209 in the treatments was from 9.58 to 17.33 mg/kg. The highest elimination potential of PCB-209 was obtained when the bacterial strains were inoculated in a consortium. These findings open a wide perspective for the use of native bacteria for the cleaning and restoration of soils contaminated by toxic chemicals.

Keywords: biodegradation; contaminated soils; decachlorobiphenyl; native bacteria (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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