Mountainous SAR Image Registration Using Image Simulation and an L 2 E Robust Estimator

Shuang Zhang, Lichun Sui, Rongrong Zhou, Zhangyuan Xun, Chengyan Du and Xiao Guo
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Shuang Zhang: School of Geology Engineering and Geomatics, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
Lichun Sui: School of Geology Engineering and Geomatics, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
Rongrong Zhou: Xi’an Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Xi’an 710064, China
Zhangyuan Xun: Aerial Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Bureau of China Administration of Coal Geology, Xi’an 710199, China
Chengyan Du: Qinghai Eco-Environment Monitoring Center, Xining 810006, China
Xiao Guo: Chinese People’s Liberation Army Unit 61363, Xi’an 710064, China

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 15, 1-14

Abstract: Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is one of the most widely utilized methods to extract elevation information and identify large-scale deformations in mountainous areas. Homologous points in stereo SAR image pairs are difficult to identify due to complex geometric and radiometric distortions. In this paper, a new approach for mountainous area images is suggested. Firstly, a simulated SAR image and a look-up table based on DEM data are generated by a range-Doppler model and an empirical formula. Then, a point matching RPM-L 2 E algorithm is used to match images obtained by the simulation and in real-time to indirectly obtain the feature points of the real SAR images. Finally, the accurate registration of mountainous areas in the SAR images is achieved by a polynomial transform. Experimental verification is performed by using the data of mountainous SAR images from the same sensor and different sensors. When the registration accuracy of the method is compared with that of two state-of-the-art image registration algorithms, better outcomes are experimentally shown. The suggested approach can effectively solve the registration problem of SAR images of mountainous areas, and can overcome the disadvantages of poor adaptability and low accuracy of traditional SAR image registration methods for mountainous areas.

Keywords: SAR image registration; auxiliary DEM; simulated image; RPM-L 2 E; look-up table (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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