Remediation and Optimisation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degradation in Contaminated Water by Persulfate Activated with Bagasse Biochar-Supported Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron

Ronghai Zhang, Yudao Chen, Shudi Li, Zhuangmian Wei, He Huang and Tian Xie
Additional contact information
Ronghai Zhang: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
Yudao Chen: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
Shudi Li: National Technology Center, Guangxi Bossco Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Nanning 530004, China
Zhuangmian Wei: National Technology Center, Guangxi Bossco Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Nanning 530004, China
He Huang: National Technology Center, Guangxi Bossco Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Nanning 530004, China
Tian Xie: National Technology Center, Guangxi Bossco Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Nanning 530004, China

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 15, 1-17

Abstract: In this study, biochar (BC) was prepared from bagasse and then successfully loaded with nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) to produce BC-supported nZVI, termed nZVI@BC. Satisfactory results were obtained using a nZVI@BC-activated persulfate (PS), termed nZVI@BC/PS, to remediate total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH)-contaminated water. The effects of three influencing factors—the dosage of nZVI@BC, D nZVI@BC , the concentration of PS, C PS , and the initial pH, pH i —on TPH removal were examined through single-factor and batch tests. The results show the following. Each factor considerably influenced the performance of the prepared nZVI@BC/PS reaction system in removing TPH. The TPH degradation process conformed to a first-order kinetic model. The response surface method (RSM) was used in tandem with a Box–Behnken design to optimise the variables involved in TPH degradation. The three influencing variables (i.e., D nZVI@BC , C PS , and pH i ) were set in the range of 0.4–1.0 g/L, 20–160 g/L, and 2.21–9.42, respectively, during the experiment. An optimised quadratic model used to fit the experimental data displayed a high level of significance ( p < 0.0001) with a very high regression value (R 2 = 0.9906; adjusted R 2 = 0.9786). Analyses of regression and variance revealed that the quadratic model sufficiently explains the TPH degradation rate. An electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopic analysis of the nZVI@BC/PS system revealed that SO 4 − ·, ·OH, O 2 − ·, and 1 O 2 participated in the activation and degradation processes. The results of this study show that nZVI@BC-activated PS systems possess great potential for applications in TPH-contaminated wastewater treatment and environmentally sustainable development.

Keywords: nZVI@BC; activated persulfate; petroleum hydrocarbons; response surface method (RSM); electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/15/9324/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/15/9324/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:15:p:9324-:d:875408

Access Statistics for this article

Sustainability is currently edited by Ms. Alexandra Wu

More articles in Sustainability from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().