Evaluation of Olive Varieties Resistance for Sustainable Management of Verticillium Wilt

Emmanouil A. Markakis, Nikolaos Krasagakis, Ioanna Manolikaki, Anastasia A. Papadaki, Georgios Kostelenos and Georgios Koubouris
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Emmanouil A. Markakis: Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, ELGO DIMITRA, 73134 Chania, Greece
Nikolaos Krasagakis: Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, ELGO DIMITRA, 73134 Chania, Greece
Ioanna Manolikaki: Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, ELGO DIMITRA, 73134 Chania, Greece
Anastasia A. Papadaki: Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, ELGO DIMITRA, 73134 Chania, Greece
Georgios Kostelenos: Kostelenos Nurseries, 18020 Poros, Greece
Georgios Koubouris: Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, ELGO DIMITRA, 73134 Chania, Greece

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 15, 1-12

Abstract: Verticillium wilt resulting from infection by Verticillium dahliae is one of the most devastating soilborne fungi of the olive tree ( Olea europaea L.) worldwide. The pathogen infects a wide variety of plants and can survive in the soil for many years, and chemicals cannot control it. Therefore, sustainable disease management strategies are suggested, with the exploitation of host resistance as the most predominant control measure in practice. In addition, disease risk assessment in commonly used plant genotypes is a prominent issue. In this respect, nine commercially grown Greek olive varieties (‘Amfissis’, ‘Atsiholou’, ‘Chalkidikis’, ‘Koroneiki’, ‘Kothreiki’, ‘Koutsourelia’, ‘Mastoidis’, ‘Megaritiki’, and ‘Tragolia’) and one variety of international interest (‘Picual’) were comparatively evaluated for their resistance to V. dahliae . The roots of young plants were immersed in a concentrated conidial suspension in order to perform an artificial inoculation. We evaluated disease reactions in a 140-day assessment period based on external symptoms (disease severity, disease incidence, and mortality) and calculated the relative areas under disease progress curves (relative AUDPC). The process of qPCR was used to evaluate V. dahliae DNA in vascular tissues and plant growth parameters (height and fresh weight). A cumulative stress response was calculated to consider the overall effect of V. dahliae on olive cultivars. The olive varieties resistance to V. dahliae varied significantly, with ‘Koroneiki’, ‘Tragolia’, and ‘Atsiholou’ being the most resistant. Interestingly, most tested varieties showed a significantly low resistance level, suggesting increased risk for the Greek olive industry due to V. dahliae.

Keywords: disease parameters; evaluation; plant phenotyping; resistance; sustainable management; qPCR quantification; Verticillium dahliae (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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