Identification and Classification of the Dissolved Substances from Sludge Biochar and Their Effects on the Activity of Acid Phosphomonoesterase

Junyuan Zhang, Yang Liu (), Bowen Li, Chunling Tan, Dandan Zhou, Martina G. Vijver and Willie J. G. M. Peijnenburg
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Junyuan Zhang: Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
Yang Liu: Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
Bowen Li: Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
Chunling Tan: Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
Dandan Zhou: Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
Martina G. Vijver: Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
Willie J. G. M. Peijnenburg: Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 15, 1-13

Abstract: Soil extra-cellular enzymes are the main driving force for microbial and biochemical processes, which makes them sensitive indicators for soil health and quality. Returning large amounts of sludge or its biochar to farmland may introduce exogenous substances into soil and have a significant impact on soil enzymatic activity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of substances dissolved from sludge biomass and its biochar added at different amounts and produced at various temperatures (200 °C, 300 °C, and 450 °C) on the activity of acid phosphomonoesterase. Results showed that the activity of acid phosphomonoesterase was significantly inhibited by these dissolved substances from biochar pyrolyzed at different temperatures, especially at high concentrations of 50 mgC L −1 and upon the exposure to DBC200. The conformation of acid phosphomonoesterase became loose and flexible after exposure to dissolved organic matter (DOM) extracted from biochar in terms of reduced α-Helix contents and increased β-Turn contents as deduced from circular dichroism spectra. According to the results of multiple linear regression, it can be concluded that the increased contents of arsenic as well as protein-like components within dissolved substances may be responsible for the inhibited enzymatic activities and the altered enzymatic conformation. Our findings provide evidence that the pyrolysis of sludge at a higher temperature would be helpful to reduce its negative impacts on the soil ecosystem.

Keywords: sludge; biochar; dissolved substances; acid phosphomonoesterase; activity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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