In-Line Monitoring of Carbon Dioxide Capture with Sodium Hydroxide in a Customized 3D-Printed Reactor without Forced Mixing

Emmanouela Leventaki, Francisco M. Baena-Moreno (), Gaetano Sardina, Henrik Ström, Ebrahim Ghahramani, Shirin Naserifar, Phuoc Hoang Ho, Aleksandra M. Kozlowski and Diana Bernin ()
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Emmanouela Leventaki: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
Francisco M. Baena-Moreno: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
Gaetano Sardina: Department of Mechanical and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
Henrik Ström: Department of Mechanical and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
Ebrahim Ghahramani: Department of Mechanical and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
Shirin Naserifar: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
Phuoc Hoang Ho: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
Aleksandra M. Kozlowski: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
Diana Bernin: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 17, 1-13

Abstract: Many industrial processes make use of sodium because sodium is the fifth most abundant metal and the seventh most abundant element on Earth. Consequently, there are many sodium-containing industrial wastes that could potentially be used for carbon capture, paving the way towards a circular and biobased economy. For example, a common industrial chemical is NaOH, which is found in black liquor, a by-product of the paper and pulp industry. Nonetheless, the literature available on CO 2 absorption capacity of aqueous NaOH is scarce for making a fair comparison with sodium-containing waste. Therefore, to fill this gap and set the foundation for future research on carbon capture, the CO 2 absorption capacity of NaOH solutions in a concentration range of 1–8 w/w % was evaluated, a wider range compared with currently available data. The data set presented here enables evaluating the performance of sodium-based wastes, which are complex mixtures and might contain other compounds that enhance or worsen their carbon capture capacity. We designed a customized reactor using a 3D-printer to facilitate in-line measurements and proper mixing between phases without the energy of stirring. The mixing performance was confirmed by computational fluid dynamics simulations. The CO 2 absorption capacity was measured via weight analysis and the progress of carbonation using a pH meter and an FTIR probe in-line. At 5 w/w % NaOH and higher, the reaction resulted in precipitation. The solids were analyzed with X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope, and nahcolite and natrite were identified. With our setup, we achieved absorption capacities in the range of 9.5 to 78.9 g CO 2 /L for 1 w/w % and 8 w/w % of NaOH, respectively. The results are in fair agreement with previously reported literature, suggesting that non-forced mixing reactors function for carbon capture without the need of stirring equipment and a possible lower energy consumption.

Keywords: carbon capture and storage; aqueous bases; reactor design; chemical absorption; FTIR; absorption capacity; in-line measurements; 3D-printed reactors (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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