Opportunities and Challenges for Renewable Energy Utilization in Pakistan

Muhammad Asim, Adnan Qamar, Ammara Kanwal, Ghulam Moeen Uddin, Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas (), Muhammad Farooq, M. A. Kalam, Mohamed Mousa and Kiran Shahapurkar
Additional contact information
Muhammad Asim: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan
Adnan Qamar: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan
Ammara Kanwal: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan
Ghulam Moeen Uddin: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan
Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan
Muhammad Farooq: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan
M. A. Kalam: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, FEIT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
Mohamed Mousa: Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11845, Egypt
Kiran Shahapurkar: School of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama 1888, Ethiopia

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 17, 1-15

Abstract: Pakistan is a developing country that faces severe energy crises due to the increased use of energy. The purpose of this study is energy transition by designing a strategy for the adoption of renewable energy policies in the entire energy system by using all renewable energy resources to forecast future energy needs and carbon emission mitigation potential. This research study aims to evaluate the renewable energy policies of Pakistan and to analyze the ways to secure energy sources in the future using LEAP. The study established a path for the transformation of the Pakistan energy system by considering the potential of renewable resources, the cost of the energy system, and the primary energy supply. The highest value of energy demand is noted for the 1st scenario, while the lowest emissions are noted for the 16th scenario for each renewable source (WIN16, SOL16, and BIO16). The lowest values of energy demand and emissions (192.1 TWh and 37.7 MMT, respectively) are shown using the green solution compared to other scenarios (hydro, nuclear, BAU), concluding that the green solution is the most suitable scenario. The analysis shows, that from a technological and economic perspective, it is possible to carry out transformation with the necessary steps to effectively achieve a renewable energy system. The findings of this study show that the green scenario in Pakistan which has the lowest operational and externality costs is the best choice for the future.

Keywords: wind energy; solar energy; biomass energy; hydel energy; green energy solution; LEAP (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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