Nitrogen Influence to the Independent Invasion and the Co-Invasion of Solidago canadensis and Conyza canadensis via Intensified Allelopathy

Jialong Zhou, Zhelun Xu, Shanshan Zhong, Youli Yu, Zhongyi Xu, Daolin Du () and Congyan Wang ()
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Jialong Zhou: School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Zhelun Xu: School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Shanshan Zhong: School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Youli Yu: School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Zhongyi Xu: School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Daolin Du: School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Congyan Wang: School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 19, 1-17

Abstract: The allelopathy of alien plants is critical to their successful invasion. In nature, two alien plants can co-invade the same habitat. Changes in the forms of nitrogen may have the potential to alter the invasion process of alien plants by causing alterations in their allelopathy. This study aimed to evaluate the individual and combined allelopathy of two alien plants from the Asteraceae family, Solidago canadensis L. and Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. This study examined the effects of aqueous leaf extracts of the two alien plants with different nitrogen forms (NO 3 −N, NH 4 −N, and CO(NH 2 ) 2 −N, and the mixed nitrogen forms at a 1:1:1 ratio) on the seed germination and seedling growth of the horticultural Asteraceae species Lactuca sativa L. using a germination bioassay. The allelopathy of the two alien plants significantly reduced the seed germination and seedling growth of L. sativa . Extracts from S. canadensis produced stronger allelopathy on the seed germination and seedling growth of L. sativa compared with those from C. canadensis . The mixture of extracts from the two alien plants produced an antagonistic effect when compared with the effects of extracts from each plant species. The addition of nitrogen intensified the allelopathy of the two alien plants on the seed germination and seedling growth of L. sativa . The degree of influence of nitrogen on the individual and combined allelopathy of the two alien plants was similar. Thus, nitrogen deposition may facilitate the independent invasion and co-invasion of the two alien plants via intensified allelopathy.

Keywords: alien plant; allelochemicals; aqueous leaf extracts; nitrogen deposition; Lactuca sativa L. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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