Growth Promotion of Guava “Pear” ( Psidium guajava cv.) by Sinorhizobium mexicanum in Southern Mexican Agricultural Fields

Clara Ivette Rincón-Molina, Esperanza Martínez-Romero, Luis Alberto Manzano-Gómez and Reiner Rincón-Rosales ()
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Clara Ivette Rincón-Molina: Laboratorio de Ecología Genómica, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Tuxtla Gutiérrez 29050, Chiapas, Mexico
Esperanza Martínez-Romero: Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
Luis Alberto Manzano-Gómez: Departamento de Investigación y Desarrollo, 3R Biotec SA de CV, Tuxtla Gutiérrez 29000, Chiapas, Mexico
Reiner Rincón-Rosales: Laboratorio de Ecología Genómica, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Tuxtla Gutiérrez 29050, Chiapas, Mexico

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 19, 1-12

Abstract: Biofertilizers formulated with nitrogen-fixing bacteria represent an alternative to chemical fertilizers because they increase soil fertility and protect the environment. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the effects on the growth of guava “pear” ( Psidium guajava cv.) after inoculation with a nitrogen fixing bacterium Sinorhizobium mexicanum ITTG-R7 T . The study was carried out in an agricultural rural area of Chiapas, Mexico, where farmers do not have programs of regenerative agriculture. First, the agricultural soil was subjected to physicochemical and metagenomic analysis in order to determine the soil quality and its bacterial community composition. Likewise, multifunctional biochemical tests and plant inoculation assays were evaluated to determine the potential of S. mexicanum ITTG-R7 T as plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). The site was rain fed and had silty clay loam soil with abundant Bacillaceae. S. mexicanum ITTG-R7 T showed different properties as PGPB such as the production of indole compounds, synthesis of extracellular enzymes, phosphate solubilization, synthesis of siderophores, ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate) deaminase, and nitrogenase activity (ARA). When the strain ITTG-R7 T was combined with chemical nutrients, it had the highest positive effect on the growth and development of guava plants. Guava biofertilization with ITTG-R7 T had a significant influence ( p < 0.05) mainly on the total plant height (368.83 cm), number of flowers (36.0) and the amount of chlorophyll (2.81 mg mL −1 ) in comparison with the other treatments evaluated. ITTG-R7 T is a promising strain for improving the guava crop yield.

Keywords: PGPB; Sinorhizobium; biofertilizer; Psidium guajava (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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