Radiological and Structural Characterization of Raw and Alkali-Activated Wood Ash and Metakaolin Blends

Nataša N. Mladenović Nikolić (), Aleksandar B. Kandić, Katarina V. Trivunac, Miljana M. Mirković, Ivana S. Vukanac, Snežana S. Nenadović and Ljiljana M. Kljajević
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Nataša N. Mladenović Nikolić: Department of Nuclear and Plasma Physics, “VINČA“ Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of the Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Aleksandar B. Kandić: Department of Nuclear and Plasma Physics, “VINČA“ Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of the Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Katarina V. Trivunac: Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Miljana M. Mirković: Department for Materials, “VINČA“ Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of the Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Ivana S. Vukanac: Department of Radiation and Environmental Protection, “VINČA” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of the Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Snežana S. Nenadović: Department for Materials, “VINČA“ Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of the Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Ljiljana M. Kljajević: Department for Materials, “VINČA“ Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of the Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 20, 1-13

Abstract: The aim of the presented research was to investigate the application possibility of wood ash and metakaolin to obtain alkali-activated materials as relatively new materials in the building industry. Thus, in order to assess the adequate use of these waste materials, structural and radiological characteristics should be considered. Until now, the focus has been on ash from thermal power plants produced by burning coal, but a large part of households in our country have individual fireplaces in which wood is used as the basic raw material; thus, it is very interesting to measure the activity concentration of radionuclide in wood ash as well as the possibility of reusing that ash for other purposes. All materials were studied, in terms of physical and chemical characteristics, by methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). XRD measurements of wood ash samples showed that it consists of calcite and larnite. FTIR spectroscopy revealed a polymeric Si–O–Al framework in alkali-activated materials and Si–O bonding bands corresponding to silicon dioxide. Determination of radionuclide content was performed by means of gamma-ray spectrometry. Results showed that the alkaline activation process led to the decrease in the activity concentration of radionuclides detected in the measured samples. External radiation hazard index ( H ex ) for wood ash was reduced by more than 50% after alkali activation. The results of activity concentration measurements in alkali-activated materials indicate potential for their safe application in building construction.

Keywords: wood ash; metakaolin; alkali-activated materials; radionuclides (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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