Spatial Distribution of COVID-19 Infected Cases in Kelantan, Malaysia

Amal Najihah Muhamad Nor (), Rohazaini Muhammad Jamil, Hasifah Abdul Aziz, Muhamad Azahar Abas, Kamarul Ariffin Hambali, Nor Hizami Hassin, Muhammad Firdaus Abdul Karim, Siti Aisyah Nawawi, Aainaa Amir, Nazahatul Anis Amaludin, Norfadhilah Ibrahim, Abdul Hafidz Yusoff, Nur Hanisah Abdul Malek, Nur Hairunnisa Rafaai, Siti Khairiyah Mohd Hatta () and Darren Grafius
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Amal Najihah Muhamad Nor: Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia
Rohazaini Muhammad Jamil: Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia
Hasifah Abdul Aziz: Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia
Muhamad Azahar Abas: Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia
Kamarul Ariffin Hambali: Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia
Nor Hizami Hassin: Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia
Muhammad Firdaus Abdul Karim: Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia
Siti Aisyah Nawawi: Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia
Aainaa Amir: Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia
Nazahatul Anis Amaludin: Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia
Norfadhilah Ibrahim: Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia
Abdul Hafidz Yusoff: Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia
Nur Hanisah Abdul Malek: Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Bukit Ilmu, Machang 18500, Kelantan, Malaysia
Nur Hairunnisa Rafaai: Institute of Environment and Development, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
Siti Khairiyah Mohd Hatta: Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
Darren Grafius: School of Energy, Environment and Agrifood, Cranfield University, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 21, 1-14

Abstract: Kota Bharu city in Kelantan, Malaysia was reported with the highest cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among other districts. Kota Bharu is the capital city of Kelantan, which acts as the administrative, commercial, and financial areas. A large population pool may become a potential carrier for disease transmission to become an epidemic. However, the impact of population density on the COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia is still unknown and undiscovered. Therefore, this study investigates the impact of population density on COVID-19 as a potential virus transmission carrier using linear regression models. The chances of formulating new strategies for combating COVID-19 are higher when the driver of transmission potential is identified. This study shows that the highest value of infected area density is in Kota Bharu (0.76), while the infected risk area was highest in Jeli (0.33). This study found that there is a strong relationship between COVID-19 infection cases in Kelantan and population density (R 2 which is 0.845). Therefore, high population density was identified as a potential driver of transmission of COVID-19 outbreak. Understanding the potential drivers of the disease in a local setting is very important for better preparation and management. The outcome of the study can aid in the development of a new analytical model for strategic planning of Zero COVID-19 for securing the public health and wellness, both social and economic, by researchers, scientists, planners, resource managers, and decision-makers.

Keywords: spatial distribution; COVID-19 model map; population density; infected cases; Kelantan; Malaysia (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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