Stevia rebaudiana under a CO 2 Enrichment Atmosphere: Can CO 2 Enrichment Overcome Stomatic, Mesophilic and Biochemical Barriers That Limit Photosynthesis?

Marcelo F. Pompelli (), Carlos A. Espitia-Romero, Juán de Diós Jaraba-Navas, Luis Alfonso Rodriguez-Paez and Alfredo Jarma-Orozco
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Marcelo F. Pompelli: Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia
Carlos A. Espitia-Romero: Invepar Research Group, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Córdoba, Montería 230002, Córdoba, Colombia
Juán de Diós Jaraba-Navas: Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia
Luis Alfonso Rodriguez-Paez: Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia
Alfredo Jarma-Orozco: Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 21, 1-33

Abstract: Due to the desire to live a healthier lifestyle, the search for nonglycosidic sweeteners has increased stevioside production in recent years. The main goal of this study was to demonstrate that S. rebaudiana grown in a CO 2 -enriched environment can overcome stomatic, mesophilic and biochemical barriers that limit photosynthesis ( A N ). We show that in an environment with a CO 2 -enriched atmosphere (800 and 1200 µmol CO 2 mol −1 ), the genotype 16 (G16) shows an increase of 17.5% in A N and 36.2% in stomatal conductance in plants grown in 800 µmol CO 2 mol −1 when compared to non-enriched plants. In conjunction with this issue, the plants show an efficient mechanism of dissipating excess energy captured by the photosystems. Photosystem II efficiency was increased at 1200 µmol CO 2 mol −1 when compared to non-enriched plants, both in genotype 4 (25.4%) and G16 (211%). In addition, a high activity of Calvin–Benson enzymes, a high production of sugars and an enhanced production of steviosides were combined with high horticultural yield. Both genotypes (G4 and G16) showed excellent physiological indicators, with high superiority in G16. Thus, our study has demonstrated that S. rebaudiana could adapt to global climate change scenarios with higher temperatures caused by higher atmospheric CO 2 .

Keywords: global climate change; horticultural production; steviosides; rebaudioside-A; non-photochemical quenching; thermal dissipation; violaxanthin–zeaxanthin cycle (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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