Recent Advances in Capacitive Deionization: Research Progress and Application Prospects

Meijun Liu, Mengyao He, Jinglong Han, Yueyang Sun, Hong Jiang, Zheng Li, Yuna Li and Haifeng Zhang ()
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Meijun Liu: School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
Mengyao He: School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
Jinglong Han: School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Yueyang Sun: School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
Hong Jiang: Northeast Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd. of China Power Engineering Consulting Group, Changchun 130000, China
Zheng Li: School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
Yuna Li: School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
Haifeng Zhang: School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 21, 1-41

Abstract: With the increasing global water shortage issue, the development of water desalination and wastewater recycling technology is particularly urgent. Capacitive deionization (CDI), as an emerging approach for water desalination and ion separation, has received extensive attention due to its high ion selectivity, high water recovery, and low energy consumption. To promote the further application of CDI technology, it is necessary to understand the latest research progress and application prospects. Here, considering electric double layers (EDLs) and two typical models, we conduct an in-depth discussion on the ion adsorption mechanism of CDI technology. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in CDI technology optimization research, including optimization of cell architecture, electrode material design, and operating mode exploration. In addition, we summarize the development of CDI in past decades in novel application fields other than seawater desalination, mainly including ionic pollutant removal, recovery of resource-based substances such as lithium and nutrients, and development of coupling systems between CDI and other technologies. We then highlight the most serious challenges faced in the process of large-scale application of CDI. In the conclusion and outlook section, we focus on summarizing the overall development prospects of CDI technology, and we discuss the points that require special attention in future development.

Keywords: capacitive deionization (CDI); desalination; electrosorption; system architectures; electrode materials; energy efficiency (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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