An Overview of the Architecture of Home Energy Management System as Microgrids, Automation Systems, Communication Protocols, Security, and Cyber Challenges

Kamran Taghizad-Tavana, Mohsen Ghanbari-Ghalehjoughi, Nazila Razzaghi-Asl, Sayyad Nojavan () and As’ad Alizadeh
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Kamran Taghizad-Tavana: Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
Mohsen Ghanbari-Ghalehjoughi: Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
Nazila Razzaghi-Asl: Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
Sayyad Nojavan: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Bonab, Bonab 5551761167, Iran
As’ad Alizadeh: Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 23, 1-23

Abstract: Today, the role of smart machines in our lives is valuable. With the advancement of digital technologies, such as the internet of things (IoT), many embedded systems have been developed for various applications. In homes, all daily activities and even security depend on machines. Therefore, implementing IoT-based smart homes has become a prominent research field. Also, since we are in the era of endless growth of the IoT and its applications, the topic of home automation systems is becoming more popular due to its countless advantages. In general, most home automation systems focus on one function: the ability to control home appliances remotely. In the world of information technology, the creation of rules and standards should always be done in the early stages of development because, after the work is done, incompatibilities between devices are created, which is a severe challenge and limits the use of technology. Therefore, the research on IoT technology has led to the formation of various protocols; this article gives an overview of seven essential protocols. Also, in this review article, energy consumption management, and privacy and security issues are discussed, and smart homes are introduced as critical requirements for the evolution of smart cities.

Keywords: Wi-Fi; Z-wave; Zig-Bee; bluetooth; wireless technologies; internet of things (IoT); home automation; home energy management systems (HEMS); 5G; 6LoWPAN; LoRaWAN (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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