Facile Preparation of Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 Derived from Iron-Rich Sludge as Magnetic Catalyst for the Degradation of Organic Contaminants by Peroxymonosulfate Activation

Zhiwei Wang, Shijun Zhu (), Jing Deng, Haojie Li, Liang Wang, Haojin Luo, Zehe Tang and Xueyan Li
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Zhiwei Wang: College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
Shijun Zhu: College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
Jing Deng: College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
Haojie Li: College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
Liang Wang: The Architectural Design and Research Institute of Zhejiang University Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310028, China
Haojin Luo: Wenzhou Design Group Co., Ltd., Wenzhou 325000, China
Zehe Tang: Wenzhou Design Group Co., Ltd., Wenzhou 325000, China
Xueyan Li: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 24, 1-16

Abstract: Iron-rich sludge, generated during flocculation/sedimentation processes by using Fe-based coagulant in drinking water treatment plants, could be used as a precursor to prepare an effective peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activator (Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 ) for the ciprofloxacin (CIP) degradation via facile hydrothermal treatment. The catalytic performances of raw iron-rich sludge and Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 were evaluated. The removal rate of CIP in Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 /PMS system increased from 44.7% to 82.8% within 60 min compared with the raw iron-rich sludge. The effects of PMS, catalyst loadings, temperature, and initial pH on the CIP degradation were examined, demonstrating that acidic conditions and higher temperatures were beneficial for CIP degradation. Both sulfate radicals (SO 4 •− ) and hydroxyl radicals ( • OH) contributed to the CIP degradation, and SO 4 •− was predominated in the Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 /PMS system, which was confirmed by the result of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis and radical quenching tests. The mechanisms of the PMS activation process by Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 were elucidated, and the influencing factors were among which the role of the iron mineral phase was emphatically explored. This study provides a facile method to convert the recycled waste iron-rich sludge to magnetic heterogeneous catalysts for CIP degradation with PMS activation.

Keywords: iron-rich sludge; Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 catalyst; peroxymonosulfate activation; ciprofloxacin; waste recycling (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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