Temporal and Spatial Variation of Land Use and Vegetation in the Three–North Shelter Forest Program Area from 2000 to 2020

Cong Zhang, Xiaojun Yao (), Guoyu Wang, Huian Jin, Te Sha, Xinde Chu, Juan Zhang and Juan Cao
Additional contact information
Cong Zhang: College of Geography and Environment Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Xiaojun Yao: College of Geography and Environment Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Guoyu Wang: College of Geography and Environment Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Huian Jin: College of Forestry Engineering, Gansu Forestry Polytechnic, Tianshui 741020, China
Te Sha: College of Geography and Environment Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Xinde Chu: College of Geography and Environment Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Juan Zhang: College of Geography and Environment Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Juan Cao: Surveying and Mapping Engineering Institute of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, China

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 24, 1-21

Abstract: The Three–North Shelter Forest Program Area (TNSFPA), covering the three subregions of Northwest, North and Northeast China, is an important green ecological barrier in northern China. Research on spatiotemporal variation of land use and vegetation in this area can help us understand the evolution of vegetation recovery. Based on MODIS image data, we built a dataset including land use/cover, annual and seasonal vegetation coverage and vegetation productivity in the TNSFPA from 2000 to 2020, then analyzed their spatiotemporal dynamics’ characteristics and further explored the driving factors. The results demonstrate that 90.05% of land area in the TNSFPA remained unchanged from 2001 to 2020. The area of barren decreased, whereas the area of all other land use types increased. From 2000 to 2020, the vegetation coverage generally presented a spatial pattern of high in the east and low in the west, and the interannual fluctuation of high coverage area was small. More than 90% of the TNSFPA had an increasing vegetation coverage (0.41%·a −1 ), with the change rates of 0.51%·a −1 , 0.54%·a −1 and 0.37%·a −1 in Northeast, North and Northwest China, respectively. The spatial distribution of vegetation productivity was generally consistent with the vegetation coverage, and the interannual fluctuation in areas with low productivity was small. The area with an increasing vegetation productivity (3.41 gC·m −2 ·a −1 ) occupied 51.66% of the TNSFPA, mainly in the basic stable state and significantly increased state. The change rates in Northeast, North and Northwest China were 7.34 gC·m −2 ·a −1 , 6.72 gC·m −2 ·a −1 and 2.10 gC·m −2 ·a −1 , respectively. The vegetation coverage and productivity were positively correlated with climate factors, and the correlation with precipitation is significantly higher than that with temperature. The ecological protection and restoration activities in the TNSFPA have accelerated the recovery of the vegetation ecosystem. Meanwhile, the rapid growth of population has led to the acceleration of urbanization. The intensification of the interaction between humans and land has led to the reclamation and development of barren, which has a great impact on the small–scale vegetation ecosystem.

Keywords: land use and cover change; vegetation coverage; vegetation productivity; TNSFPA (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/24/16489/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/24/16489/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:24:p:16489-:d:998442

Access Statistics for this article

Sustainability is currently edited by Ms. Alexandra Wu

More articles in Sustainability from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().