Climate Change Characteristics of Typical Grassland in the Mongolian Plateau from 1978 to 2020

Bu He, Wulan Tuya (), Si Qinchaoketu, Lkhagvadorj Nanzad, Mei Yong, Tang Kesi and Changqing Sun
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Bu He: College of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
Wulan Tuya: College of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
Si Qinchaoketu: College of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
Lkhagvadorj Nanzad: Information and Research Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Environment, Ulaanbaatar 15160, Mongolia
Mei Yong: College of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
Tang Kesi: College of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
Changqing Sun: College of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 24, 1-18

Abstract: Typical grassland is the core of the Mongolian Plateau grassland belt, and is also an important ecological barrier in the north of China. It is of great significance to explore the real-time changes in grassland climate for the prevention and control of climate disasters, and for ecological protection. In this study, the spatial and temporal variation of temperature, precipitation and maximum wind speed in typical Mongolian Plateau grassland were studied using observation data from 16 meteorological stations from 1978 to 2020, using the linear trend method, cumulative anomaly method, Mann-Kendall test, sliding t -test and Morlet wavelet analysis. The results show that: (1) The typical grassland temperature has been increasing at a rate of 0.4 °C/10a ( p < 0.001) over the past 40 years, with the most significant warming in spring and summer; a sudden change from low to high temperature occurred in 1992; the annual average temperature gradually increased from northeast to southwest, with significant warming in the southwest. (2) Annual precipitation decreased slightly at a rate of −2.39 mm/10a, with the most significant decrease in summer precipitation; a sudden change from more to less precipitation occurred in 1998; spatially, precipitation decreased gradually from east to west, with significant moisture reduction in its northern part. (3) The maximum wind speed decreased significantly at a rate of −0.33m/s/10a ( p < 0.001), with the most pronounced decrease in spring; the maximum wind speed changed abruptly from strong to weak around 1991; spatially, the annual average maximum wind speed decreased gradually from northwest to southeast and northeast, with the most pronounced decrease in the south and northeast. (4) The wavelet analysis shows that the typical grassland area will still be in a warm, low-rainfall and weak-wind stage in the coming years. Using the above analysis, the typical grassland climate of the Mongolian Plateau has shown a clear trend of warm and dry, weak wind in the past 40 years.

Keywords: climate change; spatial and temporal characteristics; mutation detection; wavelet analysis; Mongolian Plateau (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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