Research on the Trade Characteristics of Conventional Energy Network Countries: Based on the Trade Characteristics of Leading Countries

Peixiang Jiang, Chao Ding (), Zhiliang Dong, Sen Liu and Yichi Zhang
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Peixiang Jiang: School of Urban Geology and Engineering, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
Chao Ding: School of Management, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
Zhiliang Dong: Strategy and Management Base of Mineral Resources in Hebei Province, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
Sen Liu: Comprehensive Experimental Center, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
Yichi Zhang: School of Management, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 24, 1-18

Abstract: To study the trade characteristics and important trends of leading countries in conventional energy networks, this paper uses trade data on coal, oil and natural gas based on complex network theory; constructs a comprehensive directed weighted network; and analyzes the trade relations, trade volume, betweenness centrality and trade groups of China, the United States, Russia and Saudi Arabia. The results show that import and export trade relations exhibit the characteristics of power-law distribution, but the four countries are developing toward diversified trading partners. The United States has the greatest advantage in obtaining conventional energy and has the strongest control over energy. China’s advantage in obtaining conventional energy shows a downward trend, but its control over energy is second only to the United States. Saudi Arabia has the least advantage in obtaining energy and the weakest control, and it is an energy supplier. Russia’s trading bloc is the most stable. These four countries played a leading role in their trade bloc in most years.

Keywords: conventional energy; international trade; complex network; leading country (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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