Cadmium Uptake and Growth Responses of Seven Urban Flowering Plants: Hyperaccumulator or Bioindicator?

Zhouli Liu, Mengdi Chen, Maosen Lin, Qinglin Chen, Qingxuan Lu, Jing Yao and Xingyuan He
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Zhouli Liu: Liaoning Key Laboratory of Urban Integrated Pest Management and Ecological Security, College of Life Science and Engineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China
Mengdi Chen: Academy of Forest and Grassland Inventory and Planning of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100714, China
Maosen Lin: College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
Qinglin Chen: Forestry Development Service Center of Liaoning, Shenyang 110036, China
Qingxuan Lu: Liaoning Key Laboratory of Urban Integrated Pest Management and Ecological Security, College of Life Science and Engineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China
Jing Yao: CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Shenyang 110016, China
Xingyuan He: CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Shenyang 110016, China

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 2, 1-12

Abstract: The application of flowering plants is the basis of urban forest construction. A newly-found flowering hyperaccumulator is crucial for remediating urban contaminated soil sustainably by cadmium (Cd). This study evaluated growth responses, Cd uptake and bioaccumulation characteristics of seven urban flowering plants. Based on growth responses of these plants, Calendula officinalis L. showed high tolerance to at least 100 mg kg −1 Cd, in terms of significant increase in biomass and with no obvious changes in height. After 60 d exposure to 100 mg kg −1 Cd, the accumulated Cd in shoots of the plant reached 279.51 ± 13.67 μg g −1 DW, which is above the critical value defined for a hyperaccumulator (100 μg g −1 DW for Cd). Meanwhile, the plant could accumulate Cd to as much as 926.68 ± 29.11 μg g −1 DW in root and 1206.19 ± 23.06 μg g −1 DW in plant, and had higher Cd uptake and bioaccumulation values. According to these traits, it is shown that Calendula officinalis L. can become a potential Cd-hyperaccumulator for phytoremediation. By contrast, Dianthus caryophyllus L. is very sensitive to Cd stress in terms of significantly decreased biomass, height and Cd uptake, indicating the plant is considered as a Cd-bioindicator.

Keywords: hyperaccumulation; cadmium; urban forest; remediation; environmental sustainable development (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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