GGE Biplot Analysis to Explore the Adaption Potential of Italian Common Wheat Genotypes

Sara Bosi, Lorenzo Negri, Antonio Fakaros, Giulia Oliveti, Anne Whittaker and Giovanni Dinelli
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Sara Bosi: Department of Agricultural Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Vial Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
Lorenzo Negri: Department of Agricultural Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Vial Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
Antonio Fakaros: Department of Agricultural Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Vial Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
Giulia Oliveti: Department of Agricultural Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Vial Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
Anne Whittaker: Department of Agricultural Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Vial Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
Giovanni Dinelli: Department of Agricultural Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Vial Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 2, 1-18

Abstract: Given the substantial variation in global wheat yield, insufficient research in cultivar selection for climate change, and the lack of suitable germplasm in sustainable agroecosystems, there is a requisite for soft wheat genotypes, with stable grain yield as well as quality parameters. The present study was aimed at genotype evaluation (GGE biplot for “mean performance versus stability”) not only for yield, but also for technological, phytosanitary and functional quality parameters of 24 Triticum aestivum L. genotypes (eight landraces, old and modern varieties, respectively) within a single organic farm location (Argelato, Emilia-Romagna, Italy) over three consecutive years. Overall, high yield stability was shown for the landraces and old varieties. In particular, the landraces Piave and Gamba di Ferro, as well as the old variety Verna, showed high stability with above-average means for numerous quality parameters of interest. Additionally, relative stability combined with above-average mean for quality parameters was also demonstrated for the high-yielding Gentil Bianco and Guà 113. Aside from Verna, these “unrecognized” resilient genotypes were also shown to meet the requisites for suitable germplasm in sustainable agroecosystems. Future potential utilization of these more stable landraces in addressing climate change would also ultimately facilitate the survival of valuable genetic resources.

Keywords: Triticum aestivum L.; genotype; landrace; ex situ conservation; GGE biplot; mean performance versus stability; yield; quality parameters; climate change (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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