Assessing the Genetic Divergence of Onion ( Allium Cepa L.) through Morpho-Physiological and Molecular Markers

Akkabathula Chandini Raj, Amit Baran Sharangi, Arpita Das, Krishnendu Pramanik, Tarun Kumar Upadhyay, Malak Almutairi, Mohammad Idreesh Khan, Irfan Ahmad, Mohd Adnan Kausar and Mohd Saeed
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Akkabathula Chandini Raj: Department of Plantation Spices Medicinal and Aromatic Crops, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, India
Amit Baran Sharangi: Department of Plantation Spices Medicinal and Aromatic Crops, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, India
Arpita Das: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, India
Krishnendu Pramanik: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, India
Tarun Kumar Upadhyay: Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Animal Cell Culture and Immunobiochemistry Lab, Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
Malak Almutairi: Almethnab General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Almethnab 56526, Saudi Arabia
Mohammad Idreesh Khan: Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences in Arras, Qassim University, Buraydah 58833, Saudi Arabia
Irfan Ahmad: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
Mohd Adnan Kausar: Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail 2240, Saudi Arabia
Mohd Saeed: Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 34464, Saudi Arabia

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 3, 1-12

Abstract: Onion is one of the most widely cultivated high-value vegetables on the globe. The study of variability and genetic divergence in this crop will facilitate judicious parent selection for future breeding. The present study incorporated 20 onion genotypes to determine the genetic variability and diversity through morpho-physiological and molecular markers. The genotypes were tested for two consecutive years to determine the effects on yield-attributing and bulb-quality traits. Diversity at a molecular level with 31 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was determined. Adequate genetic variability existed among the genotypes, with a predominance of additive gene action regarding the inheritance of most of the characteristics. Principal component (PC) analysis detected seven PCs contributing to more than 87% of the genetic diversity in the genotypes. Total yield (kg/plot), Grade ‘C’ bulb (equatorial diameter of the bulb between 3.5 and 4.5 cm), individual bulb weight (g) and phenol content were detected as characteristics positively associated with the first two PCs. A total of 16 primers were amplified, and they produced 32 alleles in the genotypes. Genetic diversity at the morphological and molecular levels indicated moderate diversity among the tested genotypes, with the dissolution of the genotypes into six and three clusters, respectively. The present study on onion facilitates the selection of diverse parents that can generate desirable segregants in future breeding programmes.

Keywords: variability; diversity; quality traits; SSR markers; onion (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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