Caesium-133 Accumulation by Freshwater Macrophytes: Partitioning of Translocated Ions and Enzyme Activity in Plants and Microorganisms

Laura Zorza, Maris Bertins, Kristine Saleniece, Gunta Kizane, Andrejs Grinbergs, Ugis Eismonts, Ingars Reinholds, Arturs Viksna and Olga Muter
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Laura Zorza: Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., 1004 Riga, Latvia
Maris Bertins: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., 1004 Riga, Latvia
Kristine Saleniece: Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., 1004 Riga, Latvia
Gunta Kizane: Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., 1004 Riga, Latvia
Andrejs Grinbergs: Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., 1004 Riga, Latvia
Ugis Eismonts: Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., 1004 Riga, Latvia
Ingars Reinholds: Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., 1004 Riga, Latvia
Arturs Viksna: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., 1004 Riga, Latvia
Olga Muter: Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., 1004 Riga, Latvia

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 3, 1-15

Abstract: The potential of aquatic plants to accumulate Cs may be of notable importance in the environmental monitoring of radioactive wastes. This study aimed to evaluate the accumulation of Cs-133 by freshwater macrophytes Bacopa amplexicaulis , Elodea densa , Ceratophyllum submersum , and Limnobium laevigantum after a 10-day incubation period with CsCl (1–1000 μM). The partitioning of Cs and other elements, including 21 metals, such as P, B, and As, was analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry combined with principal component analysis (PCA). The enzymatic activity of plant crude extracts and aquatic microorganisms was characterized. The transfer factor (TF) reached the highest values of 0.13 and 0.10 for C. submersum and L. laevigantum , respectively, at 1000 μM Cs. The TFs in the other sets were below 0.1. In the presence of Cs-133, there was a significant increase in dehydrogenase activity ( p < 0.05) and a decrease in the activity of the Folin–Ciocalteu assay. A three-fold decrease in culturable microorganisms was found in plants with 1000 μM Cs. PCA analysis revealed the species-specific elemental distribution in plant biomass and the aquatic phase. A negative correlation between Na, Ca (2.0–2.5, PC1) and Mg, K, and P (−2, PC1) was found. Certain enzyme groups can serve as bioindicators of Cs pollution in aquatic ecosystems.

Keywords: Cs-133; element analysis; antioxidant activity; enzymes; ICP-MS; macrophytes; transfer factor (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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