Consumption-Based CO 2 Emissions on Sustainable Development Goals of SAARC Region

Mohammad Mazibar Rahman, Rafiuddin Ahmed, Abu Hashan Md. Mashud, Asif Iqbal Malik, Sujan Miah and Mohammad Zoynul Abedin
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Mohammad Mazibar Rahman: Department of Accounting, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
Rafiuddin Ahmed: College of Business, Law & Governance, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
Abu Hashan Md. Mashud: Department of Mathematics, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
Asif Iqbal Malik: Department of Hotel and Tourism Management, College of Hospitality and Tourism, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea
Sujan Miah: Department of Mathematics, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
Mohammad Zoynul Abedin: Department of Finance, Performance & Marketing, Teesside University International Business School, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 3, 1-27

Abstract: Consumption-based CO 2 emission (CBE) accounting shows the possibility of global carbon leakage. Very little attention has been paid to the amount of emissions related to the consumption of products and services and their impact on sustainable development goals (SDGs), especially in the SAARC region. This study used a CBE accounting method to measure the CO 2 emissions of five major SAARC member countries. Additionally, a Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) and a causality model were used to investigate the long-term effects of the CBE and SDG variables between 1972 and 2015. The results showed that household consumption contributed more than 62.39% of CO 2 emissions overall in the SAARC region. India had the highest household emissions, up to 37.27%, and Nepal contributed the lowest, up to 0.61%. The total imported emissions were the greatest in India (16.88 Gt CO 2 ) and Bangladesh (15.90 Gt CO 2 ). At the same time, the results for the long-term relationships between the CBEs and SDGs of the SAARC region showed that only the combustible renewables and waste (CRW) variable is significant for most of these countries. The sharing of the responsibility for emissions between suppliers and customers could encourage governments and policymakers to make global climate policy and sustainable development decisions, which are currently stalled by questions over geographical and past emission inequities.

Keywords: carbon intensity; emissions embodied in trade; SDGs; MRIO; environmental sustainability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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