Smart Bio-Agents-Activated Sustainable Self-Healing Cementitious Materials: An All-Inclusive Overview on Progress, Benefits and Challenges

Ghasan Fahim Huseien, Moncef L. Nehdi, Iman Faridmehr, Sib Krishna Ghoshal, Hussein K. Hamzah, Omrane Benjeddou and Fahed Alrshoudi
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Ghasan Fahim Huseien: Department of the Built Environment, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117566, Singapore
Moncef L. Nehdi: Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M6, Canada
Iman Faridmehr: Institute of Architecture and Construction, South Ural State University, Lenin Prospect 76, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
Sib Krishna Ghoshal: Department of Physics, AOMRG & Laser Centre, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Malaysia
Hussein K. Hamzah: Department of Reinforced Concrete Constructions, Faculty of Civil, Agricultural and Industrial, Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest, Bulevardul Lacul Tei 124, Sect. 2, 020396 Bucharest, Romania
Omrane Benjeddou: Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 16273, Saudi Arabia
Fahed Alrshoudi: Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 4, 1-37

Abstract: Cementitious materials deteriorate progressively with the formation of cracks that occur due to diverse physical, chemical, thermal, and biological processes. Numerous strategies have been adopted to obtain cement-based self-healing materials and determine the novel self-healing mechanisms. The uses of microbes have been established to improve the thickness of the healed crack and mechanical properties of the concrete, a phenomenon seldom addressed in the literature. Based on these factors, this article comprehensively appraises the smart bio-agents-based autonomous healing performance of concrete to demonstrate the recent progress, expected benefits, and ongoing challenges. The fundamentals, design strategies, and efficacy of the smart bio-agents-activated self-healing cementitious materials are the recurring themes of this overview. Furthermore, the effects of various processing parameters on the performance of cementitious self-healing smart bio-agents are discussed in-depth. The achievements, knowledge gaps, and needs for future research in this ever-evolving area for the sustainability and resilience of the built environment are highlighted.

Keywords: self-healing; cementitious materials; concrete durability; bio-concrete; sustainability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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