A Structured Review of Emotional Barriers to WASH Provision for Schoolgirls Post-Disaster

Margarita Garfias Royo, Elinor Parrott, Emily-Marie Pacheco, Imaduddin Ahmed, Ella Meilianda, Intan Kumala, Rina Suryani Oktari, Helene Joffe and Priti Parikh
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Margarita Garfias Royo: UCL Engineering for International Development Centre, Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, University College London, 2nd Floor, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 7HB, UK
Elinor Parrott: Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, UCL Division of Psychology and Language Sciences & EPICentre, University College London, 26 Bedford Way, London WC1H 0AP, UK
Emily-Marie Pacheco: Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, UCL Division of Psychology and Language Sciences & EPICentre, University College London, 26 Bedford Way, London WC1H 0AP, UK
Imaduddin Ahmed: UCL Engineering for International Development Centre, Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, University College London, 2nd Floor, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 7HB, UK
Ella Meilianda: Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Centre (TDMRC) and Civil Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Jl. Tgk Syech Abdul Rauf, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Intan Kumala: Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Centre (TDMRC), Universitas Syiah Kuala, Jl. Hamzah Fansuri No. 8, KOPELMA, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Rina Suryani Oktari: Tsunami & Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMRC) and Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Jl. Tgk. Syech Abdul Rauf, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Helene Joffe: Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, UCL Division of Psychology and Language Sciences & EPICentre, University College London, 26 Bedford Way, London WC1H 0AP, UK
Priti Parikh: UCL Engineering for International Development Centre, Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, University College London, 2nd Floor, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 7HB, UK

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 4, 1-20

Abstract: Pubescent girls face unique emotional barriers to returning to school after a disaster concerning water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). This paper explores themes of WASH, gender violence, the lack of dignity and sense of shame arising from inadequate WASH facilities for girls in disaster settings. We conducted a structured literature review of 126 sources to investigate the emotional constraints facing pubescent girls concerning WASH in schools in Indonesia, a region prone to frequent disasters. Findings are synthesised into four major themes: psychological experiences of WASH, challenges faced by girls in schools, barriers to inclusive WASH provision and how to create a holistic approach to WASH. Key conclusions include the need for interdisciplinary research, cross sectoral collaboration, more evidence and research in Indonesia, especially regarding menstrual hygiene management, improved toilet design to reduce the physical barriers linked to emotional barriers and inclusive design for those with disabilities.

Keywords: WASH; schoolgirls; disaster settings; psychological factors; Indonesia; wellbeing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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