Sanitation in Mexico: An Overview of Its Realization as a Human Right

Vanesa García-Searcy, Mariana Villada-Canela, María Concepción Arredondo-García, Marisol Anglés-Hernández, María Candelaria Pelayo-Torres and Luis Walter Daesslé
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Vanesa García-Searcy: Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carr. Transpeninsular 3917, Ensenada 22860, BC, Mexico
Mariana Villada-Canela: Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carr. Transpeninsular 3917, Ensenada 22860, BC, Mexico
María Concepción Arredondo-García: Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carr. Transpeninsular 3917, Ensenada 22860, BC, Mexico
Marisol Anglés-Hernández: Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Maestro Mario de la Cueva s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán 04510, CDMX, Mexico
María Candelaria Pelayo-Torres: Facultad de Derecho, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Blvd. Benito Juárez and Ave. Ignacio López Rayón s/n, Mexicali 21280, BC, Mexico
Luis Walter Daesslé: Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carr. Transpeninsular 3917, Ensenada 22860, BC, Mexico

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 5, 1-38

Abstract: Adequate sanitation is essential for health, human well-being, the preservation of water resources, biodiversity, and the full enjoyment of human rights. Sanitation is a human right, and although it is linked to the human right to water (HRW), it has specific characteristics that deserve particular attention. These components are (1) availability; (2) quality; (3) physical accessibility; (4) affordability; (5) acceptability; (6) equality and non-discrimination; (7) government management and inter-institutional coordination; (8) access to information and participation; and (9) environmental protection. These components enable the analysis of other aspects that may not be fully considered from the traditional sanitation approach. This research aims to analyze the context of the realization of the human right to sanitation (HRS) in Mexico, for a future comprehensive assessment. The study was conducted through documentary and national news coverage research. It concluded that there are still significant challenges to realizing this human right in Mexico. Findings suggest that besides the infrastructure and pollution difficulties, there are other problems like physical and economic access to sanitation for the vulnerable population, inequality between urban and rural areas, the lack of maintenance work of sanitation infrastructure, and the lack of effective coordination between the authorities responsible for sanitation.

Keywords: environment; health; human rights; pollution; public policy; sanitation; vulnerable population; water governance; wastewater (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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