Forty Years of Soil and Water Conservation Policy, Implementation, Research and Development in Indonesia: A Review

Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho, Tyas Mutiara Basuki, Irfan Budi Pramono, Endang Savitri, Purwanto, Dewi Retna Indrawati, Nining Wahyuningrum, Rahardyan Nugroho Adi, Yonky Indrajaya, Agung Budi Supangat, Pamungkas Buana Putra, Diah Auliyani, Eko Priyanto, Tri Wira Yuwati, Pratiwi, Budi Hadi Narendra, Asep Sukmana, Wuri Handayani, Ogi Setiawan and Ryke Nandini
Additional contact information
Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho: Watershed Management Technology Center, Jl. Ahmad Yani, Surakarta 57102, Indonesia
Tyas Mutiara Basuki: Watershed Management Technology Center, Jl. Ahmad Yani, Surakarta 57102, Indonesia
Irfan Budi Pramono: Watershed Management Technology Center, Jl. Ahmad Yani, Surakarta 57102, Indonesia
Endang Savitri: Watershed Management Technology Center, Jl. Ahmad Yani, Surakarta 57102, Indonesia
Purwanto: Watershed Management Technology Center, Jl. Ahmad Yani, Surakarta 57102, Indonesia
Dewi Retna Indrawati: Watershed Management Technology Center, Jl. Ahmad Yani, Surakarta 57102, Indonesia
Nining Wahyuningrum: Watershed Management Technology Center, Jl. Ahmad Yani, Surakarta 57102, Indonesia
Rahardyan Nugroho Adi: Watershed Management Technology Center, Jl. Ahmad Yani, Surakarta 57102, Indonesia
Yonky Indrajaya: Watershed Management Technology Center, Jl. Ahmad Yani, Surakarta 57102, Indonesia
Agung Budi Supangat: Watershed Management Technology Center, Jl. Ahmad Yani, Surakarta 57102, Indonesia
Pamungkas Buana Putra: Watershed Management Technology Center, Jl. Ahmad Yani, Surakarta 57102, Indonesia
Diah Auliyani: Watershed Management Technology Center, Jl. Ahmad Yani, Surakarta 57102, Indonesia
Eko Priyanto: Watershed Management Technology Center, Jl. Ahmad Yani, Surakarta 57102, Indonesia
Tri Wira Yuwati: Environment and Forestry Research and Development Institute of Banjarbaru, Jl. Ahmad Yani Km 28.7, Banjarbaru 70721, Indonesia
Pratiwi: Forest Research and Development Center, The Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Jl. Gunung Batu No. 5, Bogor 16118, Indonesia
Budi Hadi Narendra: Forest Research and Development Center, The Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Jl. Gunung Batu No. 5, Bogor 16118, Indonesia
Asep Sukmana: Forest Research and Development Center, The Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Jl. Gunung Batu No. 5, Bogor 16118, Indonesia
Wuri Handayani: Agroforestry Research and Development Centre (ARDC), Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Jalan Raya Ciamis-Banjar Km 4, Ciamis 46201, Indonesia
Ogi Setiawan: Non-Timber Forest Products Technology Research and Development Institute, Jl. Dharma Bakti No. 7, Mataram 83371, Indonesia
Ryke Nandini: Non-Timber Forest Products Technology Research and Development Institute, Jl. Dharma Bakti No. 7, Mataram 83371, Indonesia

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 5, 1-33

Abstract: Dominated by mountainous topography, high rainfall, and erosion-sensitive soil types, and with the majority of its population living in rural areas as farmers, most of Indonesia’s watersheds are highly vulnerable to erosion. In 1984, the Government of Indonesia established 22 priority watersheds to be handled, which marked the start of formal soil and water conservation activities. Although it has not fully succeeded in improving watershed conditions from all aspects, something which is indicated by fluctuations in the area of degraded land, over the past 40 years the Indonesian government has systematically implemented various soil and water conservation techniques in various areas with the support of policies, laws and regulations, and research and development. These systematic efforts have shown positive results, with a 40% reduction in the area of degraded land over the last 15 years from 2004–2018. This paper reviews policy, implementation, and research and development of soil and water conservation activities in Indonesia over the last 40 years from the 1980s to 2020 and explores the dynamics of the activities.

Keywords: soil and water conservation; watershed; erosion (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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