Characteristics of Some Wild Olive Phenotypes (Oleaster) Selected from the Western Mountains of Syria

Reem Abdul Hamid, Hussam Hag Husein and Rupert Bäumler
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Reem Abdul Hamid: Administration of Horticulture Research, General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Research, Damascus P.O. Box 30621, Syria
Hussam Hag Husein: Institute of Geography, FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg University, Wetterkreuz15, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
Rupert Bäumler: Institute of Geography, FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg University, Wetterkreuz15, 91058 Erlangen, Germany

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 9, 1-14

Abstract: This study presents the evaluation of some technological and production specifications of 20 selected wild olive (oleaster) phenotypes from Hama Province, western–central Syria. The analyses of oil quantity showed that the olive oil (OO) extracted ranged from 10.43 to 29.3%. The fatty acid composition determined by gas chromatography (m/m%, methyl esters), conforming to commercial standards, showed the percentages of palmitic (ranged 13.2–15.06%), stearic (2.27–4.2%), arachidic (0.42–0.7%), palmitoleic (0.73–1.25%), oleic (64.29–73.17%), linoleic (8.96–16.45%), and linolenic (0.23–1.6%). Our results suggest that, despite being in a harsh environment and lacking agricultural service, two wild olive phenotypes (WA4, WA6) are interesting since their fruits showed high-quality properties (fruit weight 2.16, 3.24 g; flesh 75.83, 86.2, respectively), high content of OO% (29.27, 29.01, respectively), and better fatty acid composition (oleic % 68.45, 66.74, respectively). This enables them to be a very promising introductory feature in olive genetic improvement processes. Thus, both phenotypes were adopted tentatively as inputs, the first for oil purposes and the second for dual purposes (oil and table olives). It will be important to further evaluate these promising phenotypes in terms of their OO minor compounds, as well as their ability to resist biotic and abiotic stresses.

Keywords: biodiversity; fatty acid composition; oleic acid; accession; genetic improvement; oleaster (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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