Feasibility Study of Bio-Sludge Hydrochar as Blast Furnace Injectant

Wang Liang, Pavlina Nanou, Heather Wray, Jianliang Zhang, Ingemar Lundstrom, Stefan Lundqvist and Chuan Wang
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Wang Liang: School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Pavlina Nanou: TNO, Energy Transition, Biobased and Circular Technologies, Westerduinweg 3, 1755 LE Petten, The Netherlands
Heather Wray: TNO, Energy Transition, Biobased and Circular Technologies, Westerduinweg 3, 1755 LE Petten, The Netherlands
Jianliang Zhang: School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Ingemar Lundstrom: Smurfit Kappa Kraftliner Piteå Aktiebolag, 941 86 Piteå, Sweden
Stefan Lundqvist: Smurfit Kappa Kraftliner Piteå Aktiebolag, 941 86 Piteå, Sweden
Chuan Wang: Swerim AB, 97 125 Luleå, Sweden

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 9, 1-11

Abstract: Hydrothermal treatment can convert paper mill biological (bio-) sludge waste into more energy-dense hydrochar, which can achieve energy savings and fossil CO 2 emissions reduction when used for metallurgical applications. This study assesses the basic, combustion and safety performance of bio-sludge hydrochar (BSHC) to evaluate its feasibility of use in blast furnace injection processes. When compared to bituminous and anthracite coals, BSHC has high volatile matter and ash content, and low fixed carbon content, calorific value and ignition point. The T i and T f values of BSHC are lower and the combustion time longer compared to coal. The R 0.5 value of BSHC is 5.27 × 10 −4 s −1 , indicating a better combustion performance than coal. A mixture of BSHC and anthracite reduces the ignition point and improves the ignition and combustion performance of anthracite: an equal mixture of BSHC and anthracite has a R 0.5 of 3.35 × 10 −4 s −1 . The explosiveness of BSHC and bituminous coal is 800 mm, while the explosiveness of anthracite is 0 mm. A mixture of 30% BSHC in anthracite results in a maximum explosiveness value of 10 mm, contributing to safer use of BSHC. Mixing BSHC and anthracite is promising for improving combustion performance in a blast furnace while maintaining safe conditions.

Keywords: bio-sludge; TORWASH; hydrochar; combustion performance; safety performance; blast furnace ironmaking (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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