How Will Autonomous Vehicles Decide in Case of an Accident? An Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Best–Worst Method for Weighting the Criteria from Moral Values Point of View

Burak Can Altay, Abdullah Erdem Boztas (), Abdullah Okumuş, Muhammet Gul and Erkan Çelik
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Burak Can Altay: Faculty of Transportation and Logistics, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34000, Türkiye
Abdullah Erdem Boztas: Faculty of Transportation and Logistics, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34000, Türkiye
Abdullah Okumuş: School of Business, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34000, Türkiye
Muhammet Gul: Faculty of Transportation and Logistics, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34000, Türkiye
Erkan Çelik: Faculty of Transportation and Logistics, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34000, Türkiye

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 11, 1-20

Abstract: The number of studies on Autonomous Vehicle (AV) ethics discussing decision-making algorithms has increased rapidly, especially since 2017. Many of these studies handle AV ethics through the eye of the trolley problem regarding various moral values, regulations, and matters of law. However, the literature of this field lacks an approach to weighting and prioritizing necessary parameters that need to be considered while making a moral decision to provide insights about AVs’ decision-making algorithms and related legislations as far as we know. This paper bridges the gap in the literature and prioritizes some main criteria indicated by the literature by employing the best–worst method in interval type-2 fuzzy sets based on the evaluations of five experts from different disciplines of philosophy, philosophy of law, and transportation. The criteria included in the weighting were selected according to expert opinions and to the qualitative analysis carried out by coding past studies. The weighing process includes a comparison of four different approaches to the best–worst method. The paper’s findings reveal that social status is the most important criterion, while gender is the least important one. This paper is expected to provide valuable practical insights for Autonomous Vehicle (AV) software developers in addition to its theoretical contribution.

Keywords: autonomous vehicles; transportation; trolley dilemma; ethics; the best–worst method; artificial intelligence (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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