Using Chromosomal Abnormalities and Germination Traits for the Assessment of Tritipyrum Amphiploid Lines under Seed-Aging and Germination Priming Treatments

Mansour Taghvaei (), Hamideh Maleki, Solmaz Najafi, Hossein Shahsavand Hassani, Younes Rezaee Danesh, Beatrice Farda and Loretta Pace ()
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Mansour Taghvaei: Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7144165186, Iran
Hamideh Maleki: Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7144165186, Iran
Solmaz Najafi: Department of Field Crops, School of Agriculture, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van 65090, Turkey
Hossein Shahsavand Hassani: Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7144165186, Iran
Younes Rezaee Danesh: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van 65090, Turkey
Beatrice Farda: Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Loretta Pace: Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 12, 1-17

Abstract: Primary Trans Chromosomal Tritipyrum (PTCT) amphiploid is a new cereal grown in saline soil and brackish water for grain and forage production. We evaluated the tolerance to seed deterioration in 13 promising PTCT lines, assessing accelerated aging (AA) tests by using AA boxes with 100% relative humidity at 40 °C for 72 h. The (Ma/b)(Cr/b)F4 and (St/b)(Cr/b)F4) PTCT lines, more sensitive to seed aging, were primed with NaCl, Salicylic Acid (SA), and Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) to increase the seed vigor of artificially aged seeds. Germination and emergence traits, biochemical parameters, and chromosomal abnormalities induced by artificial aging were measured in deteriorated and not-deteriorated seeds. The highest reduction percentages related to seed vigor were observed in (Ka/b)(Cr/b)F2 (34.52) and La(4B,4D)/b (28.15) lines, while the lowest was found in (Ma/b)(Cr/b)F4 (7.65) and (St/b)(Cr/b)F4 (7.46) lines. Seed aging also increases electrolytes, potassium, and protein leakages. Chromosomal abnormalities are caused by seed aging that interferes with chromosome behaviors during cell division. Seed priming on aged seeds revealed an increase in the germination percentage (GP) with PEG treatment, while the priming by SA showed an increase in seedling traits, such as the seedling length (SL2). In conclusion, we highlighted the potential use of different PTCT lines and the effective use of seed priming on deteriorated seed to enhance seed viability and seedling vigor as a useful tool for sustainable agriculture.

Keywords: PTCT lines; seed deterioration; leakage; pre-sowing; chromosomal aberration (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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