Identification of a Cucumber Mosaic Virus from Cucurbita pepo on New Reclamation Land in Egypt and the Changes Induced in Pumpkin Plants

Wael Fathy Shehata, Zafar Iqbal (), Tarek Elsayed Abdelbaset, Khalied Ibrahiem Saker, Ahmed Elnabawy El Shorbagy, Ahmed Mohamed Soliman, Muhammad Naeem Sattar and Sherif Mohamed El-Ganainy ()
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Wael Fathy Shehata: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia
Zafar Iqbal: Central Laboratories, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia
Tarek Elsayed Abdelbaset: Virus and Phytoplasma Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
Khalied Ibrahiem Saker: Virus and Phytoplasma Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
Ahmed Elnabawy El Shorbagy: Virus and Phytoplasma Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
Ahmed Mohamed Soliman: Virus and Phytoplasma Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
Muhammad Naeem Sattar: Central Laboratories, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia
Sherif Mohamed El-Ganainy: Department of Arid Land Agriculture, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 12, 1-19

Abstract: In 2020, the leaves and fruit of 50 pumpkin plants with suspected cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) symptoms of leaf mosaic, vein yellowing, and mild leaf curling were collected from Sharq El-Owainat (Al Wadi El-Gaded governorate), a new reclamation land in Egypt. This study was aimed at deciphering and characterizing the causal agent of the leaf yellowing disease associated with pumpkin plants in Egypt. The causal agent was identified by serological, cytological, and molecular means. The serological identification by DAS–ELISA confirmed the presence of CMV in 20% of the plants. The cytological identification by electron microscopy revealed typical cucumovirus isometric particles of 28–30 nm diameter in the cytoplasm of the leaf parenchyma, epidermal cells, the integument, and the nucleus. Molecular characterization by one-step reverse transcriptase-PCR yielded the required size of amplicon (678 bp) for CMV. Additionally, mechanical sap inoculation was used to determine the host range and symptomatology of the isolated CMV in seventeen different plant species belonging to six different plant families. CMV replicated, moved systemically, and induced a range of symptoms in sixteen plant species. The isolated CMV was transmitted to pumpkin plants at a 16.4% rate by seeds. CMV-infected pumpkin plant leaves were characterized by a substantially low concentration of photosynthetic pigments, a high level of reducing sugars, relatively low protein levels, and a significant increase in total phenol contents, implying their potential role as antiviral agents. Ultrathin sections of infected cells revealed histological changes and cytological abnormalities in comparison to healthy plants. This is the first identification of CMV on new reclamation land in Egypt, pinpointing its swift spread, which could pose a major constraint to pumpkin production in Egypt.

Keywords: cucumber mosaic virus (CMV); cucumovirus; DAS–ELISA; electron microscopy; reverse transcriptase PCR; Egypt; cytology (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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