Estimation of Crop Water Productivity Using GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques

Zenobia Talpur (), Arjumand Z. Zaidi, Suhail Ahmed, Tarekegn Dejen Mengistu, Si-Jung Choi and Il-Moon Chung ()
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Zenobia Talpur: US Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Water (USPCASW), Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro 76062, Pakistan
Arjumand Z. Zaidi: US Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Water (USPCASW), Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro 76062, Pakistan
Suhail Ahmed: US Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Water (USPCASW), Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro 76062, Pakistan
Tarekegn Dejen Mengistu: Water Resources and River Research Department, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang 10223, Republic of Korea
Si-Jung Choi: Water Resources and River Research Department, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang 10223, Republic of Korea
Il-Moon Chung: Water Resources and River Research Department, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang 10223, Republic of Korea

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 14, 1-14

Abstract: The global demand for food is growing with the population and urbanization, which puts pressure on water resources, which need assessing and quantifying water requirements. Adopting efficient irrigation methods to optimize water use is essential in this situation. In this study, crop water productivity (CWP) of major crops in the Rohri canal command area was estimated by the ratio of yield and actual evapotranspiration ( ET a ). Analyzing the CWP of major crops, water scarcity challenges can be tackled by selecting the most feasible irrigation methods. However, ET a was calculated and aggregated for all four stages of the crop growth period: initial, crop development, flowering stage, and maturity seasons. The crop yield data were obtained from the districts’ agricultural statistics. For this purpose, evapotranspiration products of Landsat 5 and 8 were downloaded from Earth Engine Evapotranspiration Flux (EEFlux). Landsat images were processed in a GIS environment to calculate ET a . The approach suggests developing a CWP database for major crops like wheat, cotton, and rice to improve irrigation water management. The objectives of this study are to estimate and analyze the difference in the CWP and evapotranspiration of major crops for the Rabi and Kharif seasons with high and moderate flows during 1998–2019. It comprises nine districts of Sindh that come under the Rohri Canal command area. To analyze the difference in CWP between the Rabi and Kharif seasons for all study crops of the seasons of Rabi (2014–2015 and 2016–2017) and Kharif (1998 and 2017). The growing periods for wheat, cotton, and rice in the Rohri Canal command area are 160, 195, and 180 days, respectively. The estimated ET a of the Rohri canal command area and CWP were in good agreement with the literature-reported values. Hence, enhanced agricultural productivity can be achieved by making considerable investments to improve agricultural research and extension systems.

Keywords: crop water productivity; evapotranspiration; GIS and remote sensing; Rabi and Kharif seasons (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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