Optimization of Mixed-Based Biochar Preparation Process and Adsorption Performance of Lead and Cadmium

Xiaoxian Yuan, Qiang Wang, Zhipu Wang (), Sikai Wu, Yawei Zhai, Haibing Zhang (), Lisong Zhou, Bei Lu, Kefan Chen and Xinwei Wang
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Xiaoxian Yuan: State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay, Karamay 834000, China
Qiang Wang: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Zhipu Wang: State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay, Karamay 834000, China
Sikai Wu: State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay, Karamay 834000, China
Yawei Zhai: State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay, Karamay 834000, China
Haibing Zhang: State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay, Karamay 834000, China
Lisong Zhou: Karamay Shuntong Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Karamay 834000, China
Bei Lu: State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay, Karamay 834000, China
Kefan Chen: State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay, Karamay 834000, China
Xinwei Wang: College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 15, 1-13

Abstract: Irreversible pollution by heavy metals such as lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) adversely affects the ecological environment and human health. Due to its high adsorption, microporosity, and specific surface area, biochar possesses excellent potential for use in heavy metal pollution remediation. The preparation of mixed-based biochar from sludge and cotton stalk can solve the problems inherent to pure sludge biochar, such as undeveloped pore structure and a small specific surface area, while resourcefully utilizing both waste biomass types. This study investigated the adsorption capacity for Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ of mixed-based biochar prepared at different pyrolysis temperatures, different pyrolysis residence times, and different cotton stalks percentages. Response surface experiments revealed the optimum process conditions for preparing mixed-based biochar, which included a pyrolysis temperature of 638 °C, a pyrolysis residence time of 86 min, and an addition ratio of 50% for cotton stalks. The isothermal adsorption experiments revealed that the maximum adsorption capacities of mixed-based biochar for Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ were 111.11 and 86.21 mg/g, respectively. Our findings suggest the co-pyrolysis of sludge and cotton stalk as a green and sustainable method for safely disposing of Pb and Cd.

Keywords: biochar; heavy metals; co-pyrolysis; sludge; cotton stalk (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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