Transient Stability Analysis for Grid-Forming VSCs Based on Nonlinear Decoupling Method

Yue Li, Yanghong Xia (), Yini Ni, Yonggang Peng and Qifan Feng
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Yue Li: College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Yanghong Xia: College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Yini Ni: College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Yonggang Peng: College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Qifan Feng: College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 15, 1-21

Abstract: With the increasing integration of renewable energy into the power grid, there is a growing demand for converters that not only provide stable power, but also support auxiliary functions such as grid-voltage regulation. Consequently, grid-forming strategies have attracted significant attention. However, due to the complexities of analyzing nonlinear coupling systems, a comprehensive transient stability analysis of grid-forming converters is still being explored. Conventional analysis methods rely on a simplified quasi-steady-state model for grid-forming voltage source converters (VSCs) and focus on analyzing the transient instability phenomenon caused by the outer power loop. However, this oversimplified model may yield incorrect conclusions. To address this limitation, this paper develops a full-order model that includes quadratic nonlinear terms to accurately represent the system’s nonlinear characteristics. The developed model is then decoupled into multiple low-order modes using a nonlinear decoupling method. These low-order modes can be analyzed using the mature inversing trajectory method, indirectly reflecting the transient stability of grid-forming VSCs under large disturbances. Through varying the inner and outer parameters, the transient stability of grid-forming VSCs is analyzed in detail. Furthermore, the analysis results are verified through hardware-in-loop (HIL) experiments.

Keywords: grid-forming VSC; transient stability; nonlinear decoupling; coupling factor; virtual synchronous generator (VSG) (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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